BLUE STUDY

[설정] User 별 권한 설정하기 - Cisco

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 17 May 2011 16:38:00 +0900

1. 개요

Network 장비에 여러 사람이 접근할 경우 사용자 별로 다양한 접근 권한을 주어 장비를 Control 할 수 있는 일부 권한만 줄 수 있다. 인증관련 서버를 사용하면 다양한 기능을 지원하지만 Network 장비만으로도 가능하다. Cisco에서는 기본적으로 0, 1, 15로 정의하고 있다.

장비에 접속하면 사용자 모드 (권한 1)로 접속되며 일부 명령어를 사용할 수 있고 enable 명령어를 사용하면 관리자 모드 (15)가 되어 모든 명령어를 사용할 수 있게 된다.

2. 설정방법

show ip route 명령어를 권한이 5 이상인 사람들만 사용하도록 하려면 privilege exec level 5 show ip route 명령어를 사용한다. 이 명령어를 사용하면 show ip route 뿐만 아니라 show ip 및 show 명령어도 따라서 권한이 5로 변경된다.

따라서, privilege exec level 1 show ip, privilege exec level 1 show 명령어를 사용하여 show ip route 명령어를 제외한 나머지 show ip 및 show 명령어는 사용자 모드 (권한 1)에서 사용할 수 있도록 설정한다.

<예제 1>

Router(config)# privilege exec level 5 show ip route
Router(config)# privilege exec level 1 show ip
Router(config)# privilege exec level 1 show

<예제 2> 과 같이 권한 5의 암호를 만든다.

<예제 2>

Router(config)# enable secre lever 5 level5

그리고 아래와 같이 enable 명령 사용시 권한 번호를 입력하고, 해당 암호를 입력하면 권한 수준이 5로 동작한다.

<예제 3>

Router> enable 5
Password: Cisco5

Router# show privilege
Current privilege level is 5

Router# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
            D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
            N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
            E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
            i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
            ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
            o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

            1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C         1.1.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

PIOLINK Application Switch 5000/8000 사용 설명서

BLUEDAY™ — Mon, 07 Feb 2011 11:04:14 +0900

PIOLINK 5000,8000 Manual.alz

PIOLINK 5000,8000 Manual.a00

|개요

- Global 수준의 뛰어난 성능과 안정성을 갖춘 PAS

Web Service의 증가와 IP 기반의 Application 들이 증가하면서, 폭증하는 Transaction의 효과적인 처리 및 Application의 신뢰성 구축은 Business Infra의 핵심 문제가 되었습니다.

Global 수준의 뛰어난 성능과 안정성을 갖춘 PIOLINK Application Switch (PAS)는 무중단, 무장애 Service를 구축할 수 있는 제품으로, 자체 기술력으로 다양한 산업의 구축 사례를 보유하고 있습니다.

Application Networking에 최적화된 전용 OS : PLOS
이중화 구조 설계로 Service 안정성 및 탁월한 내구성 보장
동시 운영이 가능한 다양한 부하분산 기능
Application Level의 장애 감시를 통한 무중단, 무장애 Service
고성능 SSL 가속 장착으로 보다 안전한 Network Service 환경 제공

|특징

- Application Networking Leader PIOLINK Application Switch

개방된 기업 Network 환경 속에 기업들은 Network 사용량의 증가에 따른 Server 및 보안 장비의 성능 향상과 안정성에 대한 요구가 증대되고 있습니다. 이를 위해 PAS는 기업 Business Infra 성능, 신뢰성, 안정성과 보안 문제를 해결하기 위한 효과적이고 경쟁력 있는 최선의 Solution을 제공합니다.

PAS는 다수의 Server에서 각각의 Application을 운용할 때 발생하는 Trafficm을 균일하게 다른 Server로 분배 되도록 Session을 제어하여 Server 및 Application 자체 성능과 전체 System의 성능을 향상시킵니다.

PAS는 고객의 Business 연속성을 보장하기 위한 최상의 Network 환경과 무중단/무장애 Service를 가장 합리적이고 경제적인 방법으로 제공할 것 입니다.

- 환경을 생각하는 Green IT

PIOLINK 만의 저전력 Solution으로 업계 평균 대비 약 70% 절감된 전력 소모를 통해 날로 심각해지는 지구 온난화 문제 개선에 이바지 할 수 있습니다. 만약 5년간 PIOLINK 제품을 사용하신다면 타사 제품 사용 대비 약 900 그루 나무가 1년간 흡입할 이산화탄소를 줄이는 효과를 만들게 됩니다.

|사양

- PAS Specification

PAS
1708/1716

PAS 3008/3016

PAS 5016

PAS 5216

PAS 8216

PAS 10020

하드웨어 사양
10/100 이더넷 포트	8/16포트	8/16포트	-	-	-	-
기가비트 이더넷 포트	-	Copper 2포트 or Fiber 2포트(SX) (Combo Type)	Copper 16포트 or Fiber 16포트(SFP) (Combo Type)
10기가비트 이더넷포트	-	-	-	-	-	4 포트(SFP+)
전원 이중화	전 모델 지원
최대 전력소모량	34/36 Watt	51/53 Watt	90 Watt	87 Watt	103 Watt	125 Watt
입력 전원	100~240VAC, 50-60Hz (Free Voltage)
크기(WxDxH, mm)	438x456x43 (1U)	438x456x70 (1.5U)	438x545x88 (2U)	438x545x88 (2U)	438x545x88 (2U)	438x545x88 (2U)
전자파 인증	KCC, VCCI	KCC, VCCI	KCC, VCCI	KCC, VCCI	KCC, VCCI	KCC, VCCI
유해물질 제한지침	RoHS compliant
성능
최대 Throughput	400 Mbps	800 Mbps	3 Gbps	4 Gbps	8 Gbps	8 Gbps
최대 동시세션	50만	100만	400만	600만	1,200만	1,200만
SSL (옵션)	-	-	Y	Y	Y	Y
기능
서버 로드 밸런싱	HTTP, HTTPS (SSL), FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, DNS, LDAP, I-mode, etc.
L2/3 스위칭	Logical Link Control, Flow Control Link Negotiation, Port Mirroring, Port Trunking, 802.1Q VLAN, VLAN Basis, Spanning Protocol, Per VLAN, STP, Routing Protocol (RIPv1, RIPv2, OSPF, BGP)
L4/7 스위칭	Health Check : L3/L4/L7, Script, HTTP, SMTP, FTP Algorism : Hashing, RR, WRR, LC, WLC, Max-Connection Configuration : One-Armed, DSR L7 Switching : Delayed Binding, URL, Cookie, SSL ID, Connection Pooling, GWLB, GSLB, ILB L4 Switching : GSLB, SLB, FWLB, VPNLB, GWLB, CR
IPv6	IPv6 Support
고 가용성	eVRRP (Enhanced VRRP), Multiful VRRP's auto-configuration, Stateful Active-Standby Failover, Active-Active-Failover, Dual Power, Dual Flash Memory
관리기능	Web Manager, HTTPS, Cisco-Style CLI, Telnet, SSH, SNMP (MIB-II, Enterprise MIB), Trap, RMON 4-Group, Configuration Sync, Syslog, Syslog Server, Email Alarm, Multilingual Support, TACACS+ Support
모니터링	Watch Dog Timer, Cooling-Fan Error Sensor, Temperature Sensor, Power Error Sensor
PSM	Worm (email), Spam, Dos/DDos attacks, Flood Control, Scan protection, Intrusion Prevention, Updating service of Real-time Worn signature, PSM Updater offer, etc.
SSL (옵션)	Max. Concurrent Session: 50,000, Certificate and Key Management, Handshake Protocol: SSL v3.0, SSL v3.1, TLS 1.0, Hash Algorism: (HMAC)-MD5, (HMAC)-SHA1,PKI(Pubilc Key Infrastructure)

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

NTP 설정

BLUEDAY™ — Sat, 23 Oct 2010 15:46:08 +0900

NTP를 이용하여 여러 System의 시간을 관리할 수 있어 편리하다. Program은 따로 설치할 필요는 없고 운영체제 설치시 기본으로 설치된다.

1. NTP 자동 실행

- '/etc/inet/ntp.conf' 존재시 '/etc/rc.d/S74xntpd' 스크립트가 구동된다.

2. Server 설정

- '/etc/inet/ntp.server'를 'ntp.conf'로 복사

# cp /etc/inet/ntp.server /etc/inet/ntp.conf

- 'ntp.conf'를 수정

# vi /etc/inet/ntp.conf

# 아래 부분을 주석 처리 한다.
# server 127.127.XType.0 prefer
# fudge 127.127.XType.0 stratum 0

# 외부 타임 서버 추가
server gps.bora.net prefer
server ntp.ewha.net
server time.bora.net
server time.nuri.net
server ntp1.gngidc.net
server ntp2.gngidc.net
server time.kriss.re.kr

:wq!

- 시간 오차값 저장할 파일 생성

# touch /var/ntp/ntp.drift

- NTP Server Daemon 실행

# /etc/init.d/xntpd start

3. NTP Client 설정

- '/etc/inet/ntp.client'를 ntp.conf로 복사

# cp /etc/inet/ntp.client /etc/inet/ntp.conf

- NTP Daemon 실행

# /etc/inet#/etc/init.d/xntpd start
#multicastclient 224.0.1.1 → 기본설정
server 192.168.0.222
wq!

# ps -ef | grep ntp
    root 479 400 0 08:40:55 pts/2    0:00 grep ntp
    root 456    1 0 08:23:07 ?        0:01 /usr/lib/inet/xntpd

# ntpq -p
    remote          refid           st t when poll reach delay offset disp
==================================================================
sun                 0.0.0.0        16 -   -     64   0       0.00    0.000 16000.0
gps.bora.net    0.0.0.0        16 u 48     64   0       0.00    0.000 16000.0

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

NTP (Network Time Protocol) 설정

BLUEDAY™ — Wed, 20 Oct 2010 20:19:16 +0900

Computer의 표준 시각 설정 문제에 대한 해결 방법을 제공한다. 표준 시각을 유지하고 NTP 신호를 제공하는 Server를 Time Server라 부른다. NTP를 이용하면 Computer의 시각을 표준 시각 대비 1ms ~ 30ms 이내의 정확도로 유지할 수 있다.

1. NTP 설치/확인

# rpm -qa | grep ntp

2. NTP 설정

# vi /etc/ntp.conf

server time.bora.net
server ntp1.epidc.co.kr
server ntp2.epidc.co.kr

server 58.73.137.250 (kr.pool.ntp.org)

3. Daemon 실행

# /etc/rc.d/init.d/ntpd start

4. NTP 자동 실행

# ntsysv → ntpd 선택

5. 특정 시간에 동기화

# vi /etc/cron.daily/sys_clocks
/sbin/clock -w
# chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/sys_clocks

6. NTP 실행

# /usr/sbin/ntpq -p
     remote           refid              st t when poll reach   delay   offset jitter
========================================================================
ntp1.epidc.co.k 192.168.18.6     2 u    53 64   1      40.861 35.442   0.002
ntp2.epidc.co.k 192.168.18.10    2 u   50   64    1     37.129   29.972   0.002

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

NTP 설정

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 19 Oct 2010 13:19:51 +0900

1, '/etc/ntp.conf'에 설정

# vi /etc/ntp.conf

broadcastclient

# ntp server config 2009.10  ← ntp 서버추가
server    42.1.160.101
server    42.1.160.102

driftfile /etc/ntp.drift
tracefile /etc/ntp.trace

2. Daemon Start

# startsrc -s xntpd
0513-059 The xntpd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 348276.

3. NTP 정보 확인

# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset    disp
==============================================================================
42.1.160.101    .GPS.            1 u   10   64    1     0.81 7734.85 15875.0
42.1.160.102    .GPS.            1 u    9   64    1    -0.17 7735.06 15875.0

4. 자동실행 설정

# vi /etc/rc.tcpip

# Start up Network Time Protocol (NTP) daemon
start /usr/sbin/xntpd "$src_running" -x

5. xntpd 자세히 보기

# lssrc -ls xntpd
Program name:    /usr/sbin/xntpd
Version:         3
Leap indicator: 11 (Leap indicator is insane.)
Sys peer:        no peer, system is insane
Sys stratum:     16
Sys precision:   -18
Debug/Tracing:   DISABLED
Root distance:   0.000000
Root dispersion: 0.000000
Reference ID:    no refid, system is insane
Reference time: no reftime, system is insane
Broadcast delay: 0.003906 (sec)
Auth delay:      0.000122 (sec)
System flags:    bclient pll monitor filegen
System uptime:   59 (sec)
Clock stability: 0.000000 (sec)
Clock frequency: 0.000000 (sec)
Peer: 42.1.160.101
      flags: (configured)
      stratum: 1, version: 3
      our mode: client, his mode: server
Peer: 42.1.160.102
      flags: (configured)
      stratum: 1, version: 3
      our mode: client, his mode: server
Subsystem         Group            PID          Status
   xntpd               tcpip             348276      active

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

NTP 설정

BLUEDAY™ — Fri, 15 Oct 2010 11:28:44 +0900

1. '/etc/rc.conf,d/netdaemons' 수정

######################################
# xntp configuration. See xntpd(1m) #
######################################
#
# Time synchronization daemon
#
# NTPDATE_SERVER: name of trusted timeserver to synchronize with at boot
# (default is rootserver for diskess clients)
# XNTPD: Set to 1 to start xntpd (0 to not run xntpd)
# XNTPD_ARGS: command line arguments for xntpd
#
# Also, see the /etc/ntp.conf and /etc/ntp.keys file for additional
# configuration.
#

export NTPDATE_SERVER='192.168.10.55 192.168.10.56' # 여러서버를 설정하는 경우
export XNTPD=1
export XNTPD_ARGS=

2. '/etc/TIMEZONE' 수정

TZ=KST-9 ← 한국 Time Zone은 KST-9
export TZ

3. '/etc/ntp.conf' 수정

#
# Server: The server statement causes polling to be done in client mode rather
#         than symmetric active. It is an alternative to the peer command
#         above. Which you use depends on what you want to achieve.
#         The syntax is:
#         server addr [ key # ] [ version # ] [ minpoll interval_in_sec ]
#         [ prefer ]
#
# server 128.8.10.1   key 2000 minpoll 6        prefer

server 192.168.10.55    #Primary
server 192.168.10.56    #Secondary

4. ntp daemon start 및 stop

/sbin/init.d/xntpd start|stop

* Server 역할 없이 Client 역할만 할 경우 ntpupdate를 cron에 등록하여 맞추는 것이 낫다.

# crontab -e
# ntpdate from time sync
13 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.10.55

5. xntpd를 띄웠다면 ntpq 명령을 통해서 이를 확인해 볼 수 있다.

# ntpq -p

     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset    disp
==============================================================================
*192.168.10.55   .GPS.      1  u    2   64   377      14.37   -1.730    0.53
+192.168.10.56     .GPS.      1 u   40     64   377      8.41   -1.653    0.06

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

netdump 사용법

BLUEDAY™ — Thu, 14 Oct 2010 13:06:00 +0900

1. netdump란?

dump 상황 (Panic이나 Hang)이 발생하면 Memory 정보나 기타 다른 정보들을 수집하여 Network를 통해 미리 설정되어 있는 Server로 정보를 보내 dump가 발생한 Server에 대한 원인을 파악하는데 도움이 된다.

2. 설정방법

1) Force netdump : Hang이나 System Crash가 발생한 경우에 원격지에 Log 생성

a) sysrq Setting

# echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf → Reoobt하지 않고 바로 적용하기 위해 /etc/sysct.conf 파일에 직접 설정
# sysctl -p → 설정이 처음이라면 Reboot을 해야 하지만 파일을 직접 수정하였다면 해당 명령어로 바로 적용 가능

b) System Hang이 걸렸다고 가정하면, 'ALT+SysRq+c' 를 눌러 Log를 남길 수 있다.

c) 가끔은 Hang이 걸린 상황에서 Keyboard가 입력되지 않는 현상이 발생할 수도 있다. 이런 경우에는 위의 Key가 쓸모가 없어지기 때문에 'nmi_watchdog'를 사용하여 해결할 수 있다.

d) '/boot/grub/grub.conf' 파일을 수정하여 'nmi_watchdog=1' 을 추가한다.

# kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.9-42.ELsmp ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet nmi_watchdog=1

e) 적용하기 위해 Reboot 한다.

2) netdump 설정 시 주의사항

Crash 또는 Hang이 발생하는 상황이면 Client에서 Server로 Log를 보낸다. 여기서 주의할 사항은 Network가 안되는 상황이라면 Log가 쌓이지 않는다.

3) netdump Server 설정

a) Log가 쌓일 Server에 netdum-server를 설치한다.

b) 'netdump' User의 Password를 설정한다.

# passwd netdump
# chkconfig netdump-server on
# service netdump-server start

4) netdump Client 설정

a) '/etc/sysconfig/netdump'를 수정하여 'NETDUMPADDR='을 넣는다.

# vi /etc/sysconfig/netdump
NETDUMPADDR=[netdump Server IP]

b) 다음 명령을 입력하여 Server 쪽에서 설정했던 Password를 넣어준다.

# service netdup propagate
# [암호입력]
# service netdump start
netdump를 초기화 합니다:
netconsole을 초기화 합니다
Message from at Wed Apr 18 11:29:05 2007 ...
test4 kernel:

* netdump가 생성되는 기본 경로는 '/var/crash/' 이하에 생성된다.
* Client에서 Log가 보내지면 Server쪽에 다음과 같은 경로가 생성된다.

192.168.1.14-2007-04-18-10:23192.168.1.14-2007-04-18-10:50scripts
192.168.1.14-2007-04-18-10:35192.168.1.14-2007-04-18-11:05
192.168.1.14-2007-04-18-10:37magic

3. 설정 시험

1) Client에 들어가 Console Mode로 간 후 Magic Key를 입력
2) Memory 정보가 들어갔으면 dmesg로 제대로 입력되었는지 확인한 후 Server쪽에 '/var/crash/[날짜]'에 들어가 정보를 확인
3) 정보가 정상적으로 들어가 있으면 성공

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit)

BLUEDAY™ — Wed, 13 Oct 2010 10:01:26 +0900

1. MTU(Maximum Transmission Unit) 이란?

MTU란 TCP/IP Network 등과 같이 Packet 또는 Frame 기반의 Network에서 전송될 수 있는 최대 크기의 Packet 또는 Frame을 말합니다. 한번에 전송할 수 있는 최대 전송량(Byte)인 MTU 값은 매체에 따라 달라집니다. 예를 들어 Ethernet 환경이라면 MTU Default 값은 1500 이고 FDDI 인 경우 FDDI는 4000 정도 되고, X.25는 576, Gigabit MTU는 9000 정도 등 매체 특성에 따라 한번에 전송량이 결정됩니다.

2. ADSL에서의 MTU값

ADSL은 PPPOE와 PPPOA를 사용합니다. 외장형 모뎀과 PC LAN Card를 사용하는 형태는 PPPOE(PPP over Ethernet)라고 합니다. PC에서 만들어진 Ethernet frame 이 ADSL Serial 구간을 그냥 통과하지 못하기 때문에 Ethernet Frame 안에 PPP Frame을 포함해서 전송하기 때문에 1500 보단 작아야 합니다. 참고로 접속 Program 중 Winpoet은 MTU를 1420으로 설정하고 Ethernet Program은 MTU를 1416 정도로 설정합니다.

3. MTU 값 계산

MTU는 Ethernet Frame을 제외한 IP Datagram 의 최대 크기를 의미합니다. 즉 MTU 가 1500 이라고 할 때 IP Header의 크기 20 byte 와 TCP Header의 크기 20byte를 제외하면 실제 사용자 Data는 최대 1460까지 하나의 Packet으로 전송될 수 있습니다. Windows 계열에서는 PC의 기본 MTU가 1500으로 설정되어 있습니다. Registry에 특정 값을 적어주지 않으면 자신의 MTU값을 1500으로 설정됩니다. 그러나 Win2000부터 Media의 특성을 인식하여 Dynamic 하게 MTU를 설정됩니다.

4. MTU값 조정

Unix, Linux 계열에서는 ifconfig 명령어로 쉽게 변경할 수 있습니다.

# ifconfig hme0 mtu 1400
# ifconfig eth0 mtu 1300

Windows 계열은 Registry를 수정하면 되며 OS Version에 따라 설정값이 달라집니다.

5. 최대 UDP Datagram 크기

이론적인 IP Datagram의 최대 크기는 65535byte이다. 여기서 IP Header 20byte, UDP Header 8byte를 제외하면, UDP Datagram의 최대 크기는 65507byte가 된다. 하지만 Socket API의 Buffer 크기 제한을 통해서 변화될 수 있다. 일반적으로 UDP Socket은 8192 byte 이상이다. 또한 Kernel의 구현에 의해 크기가 변화될 수 있다. 일반적으로 UDP Program들은 512 byte이다.

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

dumpadm, coreadm 사용하기

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 12 Oct 2010 15:58:55 +0900

1. dumpadm

시스템 자체가 비정상적으로 종료되는 경우 dumpadm 명령어를 사용해서 설정한 대로 현재 시스템의 모든 정황을 파일에 저장하고 응용 프로그램이 비정상적으로 종료될 경우에는 coreadm 명령어를 사용한 설정에 따라서 응용 프로그램의 모든 정황을 파일로 저장한다.

【형식】dumpadm [-c kernel | all] [-d device | swap] [-s dir] [-m nk | nm | n%] [-n | -y]

* 옵션없음 : '/etc/dumpadm.conf' 파일에 저장된 현재 설정 사항을 출력
* dumpadm 명령어와 옵션을 사용해 설정을 변경하면 '/etc/dumpadm.conf' 파일에 저장
* 단, '-m' Option에 명시한 여유 공간은 '/var/crash/`hostname`/minfree' 파일에 저장
* -c : Memory의 Data 중에서 Kernel Data만 저장할 것인지 Memory 전체 Data를 저장할 것인지를 지정
* -c : Kernel은 Kernel Data만 저장하고 all 이라하면 Memory 전체 Data를 저장
* -c : Option을 지정하지 않으면 Kernel Data만 저장
* -d : Memory Data를 저장할 장치를 지정하는 Option이며 Hard Disk 의 이름을 적거나 swap 이라 지정
  : Hard Disk 명은 해당 Hard Disk 에 현재 Memory의 Data 중에서 필요한 Data를 저장
: swap은 시스템에 정의된 swap 장치에 Memory의 Data를 저장
* -s : Memory Data가 'savecore' Program에 의해 파일로 저장될 Dicrectory 이름을 지정.
: Directory가 없으면 자동으로 root 사용자를 소유주로 하여 Directory를 생성하며, 권한은 0700으로 설정됨.
* -s : Option이 없으면 기본으로 '/var/crash/`hostname` Directory에 파일이 생성
* -m : Hard Disk의 여유공간을 조건으로 명시하면 조건이 만족되는 경우에만 Memory Data를 파일로 생성
* n% : Hard Disk의 여유 공간의 양은 KB, MB, 백분율(%)로 명시
* -n : System Booting 시 'savecore' Program이 동작하지 않기 때문에 Hard Disk에 저장된 Memory Data가 파일로 변환되지 않는다.
* -y : System Booting 시 'savecore' Program이 Hard Disk에 저장된 Memory Data를 파일 형태로 변환하여 '/var/crash/`hostname' Directory나 '-s' Option으로 지정한 Directory에 저장된다. Default는 -y임

【예제】

# dumpadm
          덤프 컨텐트: 커널페이지
             덤프 장치: /dev/dsk/c2d0s1(스왑)
Savecore 디렉토리: /var/crash/jijoe
      Savecore 사용: 예

# coreadm
     전역 코어 파일 패턴:
     전역 코어 파일 내용: default
       init 코어 파일 패턴: core
       init 코어 파일 내용: default
            전역 코어 덤프: disabled
프로세스 당 코어 덤프: enabled
    전역 setid 코어 덤프: disabled
프로세스 당 setid 코어 덤프: disabled
     전역 코어 덤프 기록: disabled

# /opt/SUNWspro/bin/dbx   tServer   core

* dumpadm(1M) 을 사용해서 'Dump Device'와 'savecore' Directory를 관리할 수 있다.
* 모든 설정 정보들은 '/etc/dumpadm.conf' 설정 파일에 저장 된다.

2. coreadm

System 자체가 비정상적으로 종료되는 경우 dumpadm 명령어를 사용해서 설정한 대로 현재 System의 모든 정황을 파일에 저장하고 응용 프로그램이 비정상적으로 종료될 경우에는 coreadm 명령어를 사용한 설정에 따라서 응용 프로그램의 모든 정황을 파일로 저장한다.

【형식】coreadm [-g pattern] [-i pattern] [-e options] [-d options]
            coreadm [-p pattern] [pid ...]

* 옵션없음 : 현재 설정값을 저장하는 '/etc/coreadm.conf' 파일의 내용을 출력
* -g : System에서 실행되는 모든 Process에 대해서 비정상적으로 종료될 때에 생성되는 이름인데, '/etc/coreadm.conf' 파일에 Pattern을 저장
* -i : init Process에 의해서 생성된 Process가 비정상으로 종료될 때 생성되는 파일의 이름인데, '/etc/coreadm.conf' 파일에 Pattern을 저장
* -p : PID를 함께 지정하면 실행중인 Process의 PID나 PPID가 '-p' Option 다음에 명시한 PID와 같은 경우에만 적용됨
: %p [PID] %u [EUID] %g [EGID] %f [명령어 이름] %n [시스템의 이름] %m [기계의 종류] %t [시간] %% % [기호 자체]
* -d, -e : 'disable/enable' Option은 core 파일의 생성 여부를 설정하는 것으로 별지의 기능을 의미
* core 파일이 생성되었다는 기록은 /var/adm/message 파일에 남는다.

【예제】☜

# dumpadm
          덤프 컨텐트: 커널페이지
             덤프 장치: /dev/dsk/c2d0s1(스왑)
Savecore 디렉토리: /var/crash/jijoe
    Savecore 사용: 예

# coreadm
     전역 코어 파일 패턴:
     전역 코어 파일 내용: default
       init 코어 파일 패턴: core
       init 코어 파일 내용: default
            전역 코어 덤프: disabled
       프로세스 당 코어 덤프: enabled
      전역 setid 코어 덤프: disabled
프로세스 당 setid 코어 덤프: disabled
     전역 코어 덤프 기록: disabled

# coreadm -i core.%f.%p

# coreadm -g /globalcore/core.%f.%p -e global

# coreadm -G all -i al

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

WLAN 3.x Training

BLUEDAY™ — Mon, 11 Oct 2010 16:06:38 +0900

20090219_WLAN 3.x training.ppt

1. Products Overview

2. Wireless Basic

3. CLI Configuration Overview

4. GUI Configuration Overview

5. Basic System Setup

6. AP Configuration

7. Managing System Images

8. Basic Configuration Sample

9. Lab : Basic System Configuration

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

OmniSwitch 7700/7800 Quick Reference Guide

BLUEDAY™ — Sun, 10 Oct 2010 16:25:00 +0900

OmniSwitch7700(7800).ppt

1. Connections and Cabling

2. Booting the Switch

3. Your First Login Session

4. CLI Basics

5. Files and Directories

6. Working and Certified Directories

7. Loading Software

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Ctrl+Alt+Del 사용하지 않는 법

BLUEDAY™ — Sat, 09 Oct 2010 16:51:00 +0900

장비를 운영 하다보면, 무심결에 'Ctrl+Alt+Del'를 눌러 장비가 Reboot 되는 경우가 있다. 이련 경우 설정 값을 바꿈으로써 이를 방지 할 수 있다.

<Example>

- '/etc/inittab'에서 아래의 부분을 찾아 주석 처리 한다.

ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now -->> #ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now

- Option을 사용해서 제한된 유저에게만 'Ctrl+Alt+Del'를 사용할 수 있도록 할 수도 있다.

1. ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now → ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -a -t3 -r now
2. '/etc/shutdown.allow' 파일 생성
3. 'shutdown.allow' 파일에 'Ctrl+Alt+Del'를 허용할 유저 ID를 넣어주면 된다. (한 줄에 한 개의 ID를 넣어주면 된다.)

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

File Safe Replicater Manual

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 10 Aug 2010 18:26:27 +0900

1. IPStor Server의 설정

(1) NAS Enable (NAS 환경)

IPStor 오른쪽 버튼 → Option → Enable NAS 선택

NAS Configuration Wizard Main → Next.

기본 WORKGROUP으로 설정 → Next

IPStor의 Comment를 넣어준다.

Create NAS user ID 등록

NAS의 구성 정보를 보고 Finish를 누른다.

(2) NAS-Share 파일시스템 생성 및 home directory 생성

- NAS-Share 일시스템 생성

NAS의 사용될 Resources 생성 New →

NAS Wizard가 생성된다. →

NAS의 사용될 File System을 ext3로 설정 →

Physical Device가 보이면 NAS Resource를 쓰려는 Device 선택 →

선택한 Device를 원하는 용량으로 선택한다. →

꼭! “NAS-Share”로 만들어야함

해당 정보를 확인 후 Finish 선택

꼭! home 폴더로 생성

- Home Directory 생성 (실제가 User 정보와 데이터가 저장되는 폴더임)

NAS-Share 밑에 Home Folder 생성

(3) File Safe Server Enable

IPStor에 Option에서 FileSafe Server를 Enable 설정

File Safe Server Enable 전 Daemon 상태

File Safe Server Enable 후 Daemon 상태

- IPStor FileSafe Server Module Daemon이 STOP 상태이라면 다음과 같이 한다.

1) # ipstor stop filesafeserver
2) # cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-5.5.12/bin
3) # ./shutdown.sh
4) # ps –ef | grep java (java Daemon이 실행되지 않는지 확인)
5) # ./startup.sh
6) # ps –ef | grep java

2. Client에 File Safe Package 설치하기

(1) Windows 설치

- FSR3.5-840-IMA2.5-352-32bit.exe

Install 과정

해당 Folder에 FileSafe 생성

(2) Linux의 설치

(3) 설치된 Package 확인

[root@filesafe /]# rpm -qa | grep fsr
fsrcli-3.5-861.0

[root@filesafe /]# rpm -qa | grep IMA
IMA-2.50-373

(4) Solaris 설치

- pkgadd -d (pkgname)

- pkg 설치 순서

1. AL file
2. IMA file
3. Filesafe

- 정상적으로 설치 완료 시 Command를 쳐서 확인

- ./fsrcli를 실행하면 Command를 확인할 수 있음.

(5) AIX 설치

- Installp –aXd (pkgname) –Y all

- pkg 설치 순서

1. AL file
2. IMA file
3. FileSafe

- 정상으로 설치 완료 시 command로 확인

- ./fsrcli를 실행하면 Command를 확인할 수 있음.

(6) HP-UX 설치

- swinstall –s /경로/filename

- pkg 설치 순서

1. AL file
2. IMA file
3. Filesafe

- 정상으로 설치 완료 시 command로 확인

- ./fsrcli를 실행하면 Command를 확인할 수 있음.

3. Linux의 FSR 설정

(1) IPStor에서 Account 등록

(2) NAS File System 생성

- File System 생성시 이름은 Shell 파일의 이름과 동일해야 함

ext3(extended file system 3, 확장된 파일 시스템, 리눅스 기반에서 사용하는 파일시스템)

Virtual Device (FSR Device로 사용할 Disk)

(Total Acailable 용량에서 필요한 용량을 정할 수 있음)

NAS Resource에 사용할 name

NAS Resource 생성 완료, Name/Size 확인

(3) NAS Server에서의 Client 생성 및 Link 생성

- Shell 파일을 이용한 Client 생성

listrun.sh 파일 내용

./clink.sh Filesafe test 101
Filesafe은 Host ID 값이며, test는 Hostname 이며 101 은 NAS Fils System 볼륨 이름의 번호 임.

clink.sh 파일 내용

USERID=$0
HOSTNAME=$0
VOL=$0
mkdir -p "/nas/FSRVol$VOL/[$USERID]$HOSTNAME"
mkdir -p "/nas/NAS-Share/home/$USERID/.fsr_depot/"
cd /depot
ln -s "/nas/NAS-Share/home/$USERID/.fsr_depot/[$USERID]$HOSTNAME" "[$USERID]$HOSTNAME"
cd /nas/NAS-Share/home/$USERID/.fsr_depot
ln -s "/nas/FSRVol$VOL/[$USERID]$HOSTNAME" "[$USERID]$HOSTNAME"

NAS 서버 Client 생성시는 listrun.sh 파일만 수정하고, clink.sh 파일을 실행시키면 됨

#./clink.sh

(4) Client 에서의 NAS 서버 등록하기

5. Repository 등록하기 (client 의 정보를 NAS 의 Repository 생성하여 저장소를 등록)

[root@filesafe /]# cd /usr/local/filesafe/
[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli repo_add server 100.100.100.170 (ipstor server) –u Filesafe(ipstor에서 account등록name) –p ipstor (ipstor에서 등록할 때 password)

Add a server repository successfully.

[root@filesafe filesafe]# fsrcli repo_list (현재의 Repository등록을 볼 수 있음)

No.1:
        Repository name:     Filesafe
        Type:                      Server
        Host address:          100.100.100.100
        Port:                        18651
        Is mirror:                  No

(6) 백업 대상 설정 및 스케줄 등록하기 (client의 백업을 대상하여 스케쥴을 등록하는 과정)

[root@filesafe filesafe]# fsrcli task_add /FSRTest (백업대상) -t task_fsr1 (task name) -schedule "hourly(00:05);start(2009-07-27 19:40)" (백업 스케쥴)

The task 'task_fsr1' was added.

[root@filesafe filesafe]# fsrcli task_list (스케쥴 리스트)

No.1:
        Task name:             task_fsr1
        Current status:        On Schedule
        Last run time:          N/A
        Last run result:        Never Run (아직 한번도 돌지 않은 메시지)
        Next run time:         2009-07-27 19:40:00
        Repository name:    Filesafe
        Source path:           /FSRTest
        Backup options:     N/A
        Filter:                     N/A
        Schedule type:       Hourly
        Start time:               2009-07-27 19:40:00
        End time:                N/A

(7) 하위 Directory 제외하고 파일만 받기 (task는 따로 만들어야 함)

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli task_add /(백업대상) -f "R=no" (/안의 디렉토리는 제외하고 파일만 받기 옵션) -t task_fsr2(task name) -schedule "hourly(00:05);start(2009-07-27 19:45)" (백업 스케쥴)

The task 'task_fsr2' was added. (task 생성 완료)

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli task_list

No.1:
         Task name:              task_fsr1
         Current status:          On Schedule
         Last run time:           2009-07-27 19:40:16
         Last run result:         Skipped (다음 백업을 기다리는 상태)
         Next run time:          2009-07-27 19:45:00
         Repository name:     Filesafe
         Source path:            /FSRTest
         Backup options:       N/A
         Filter:                      N/A
         Schedule type:         Hourly
         Start time:                2009-07-2719:40:00
         End time:                 N/A

No.2:
        Task name:               task_fsr2
        Current status:           On Schedule
        Last run time:            N/A
        Last run result:          Never Run
        Next run time:           2009-07-27 19:45:00
        Repository name:      Filesafe
        Source path:              /
        Backup options:      N/A
        Filter:                       R=no
        Schedule type:          Hourly
        Start time:                2009-07-27 19:45:00
        End time:                  N/A

(8) 보관 주기의 확인 및 변경하기

- 보관주기 확인

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli purge_policy_get Filesafe

Maximum version number: <Unlimited>
Version count after purge: 0
Maximum backup session number: 10

※ Filesafe 은 repository 이름임.

- 보관주기 변경하기

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli purge_policy_set Filesafe 30 30 30

Set purge policy to repository ' Filesafe ' successfully!

Maximum version number: 30
Version count after purge: 30
Maximum backup session number: 30

(9) 전체 복구

- 백업 되고 있는 Directory 확인

[root@filesafe FSRTest]# fsrcli task_list

No.1:
        Task name:              task_fsr1
        Current status:          On Schedule
        Last run time:           2009-07-27 16:07:29
        Last run result:         Successful
        Next run time:          2009-07-2716:12:00
        Repository name:     Filesafe
        Source path:            /FSRTest
        Backup options:       N/A
        Filter:                      N/A
        Schedule type:         Hourly
        Start time:                2009-07-27 15:57:00
        End time:                 N/A

- /FSRTest 전체의 Session List 확인

[root@filesafe FSRTest]# fsrcli backup_session_list /FSRTest (백업이 된 session 확인)

#3 2009-07-27 01:25:01 task1
#2 2009-07-27 01:20:30 task1
#1 2009-07-27 01:10:27 task1

/FSRTest “#3 2009-07-27 01:25:01 task1” 복구하기

[root@filesafe FSRTest]# fsrcli retrieve

Usage:
          fsrcli retrieve file/folder[#version|backup_session] [...] -to "to_folder"
                                          [-r repository_name] [-c client_name] [-k key_name]

Description:
          Retrieve data.

Options:
          file/folder[#version|backup_session] [...]: One or more file/folder
                                                                        (Can be followed with version number of file or
                                                                        session number of folder) which need be restored.
                                                                        E.G. "C:\ABC" "C:\123.txt#2" "/usr/local/data#3".

-to "to_folder" Indicates where the data will be retrieved to.
-r repository_name: (Optional) Repository name. If this option is not set, default repository will be used.
-c client_name:       (Optional) Client name. If this option is not set, current client name will be used.
-k key_name:         (Optional) Key name.

[root@filesafe FSRTest]# fsrcli retrieve /FSRTest#3 -to / (백업 session 에서 선택)

※ ”/” Session(전체 복구) 단위 복구는 “/f” 로 해야 함.

- 특정 Directory 의 복구

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli dir (dir 확인)

<DIR> FSRTest

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli dir /FSRTest (/FSRtest 안에 파일 확인)

<DIR> fsr_install
<DIR> install
<DIR> FSRTest
<FILE> clink.sh.txt
<FILE> listrun.sh.txt

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli dir /FSRTest/install (/FSRtest/install 안의 파일)

<DIR> data
<DIR> install
<DIR> rpms
<FILE> ezclean.py
<FILE> ezlock.sh
<FILE> ezlock_log.txt
<FILE> ezrpm.sh
<FILE> ezrpm_log.txt
<FILE> Manual_OS_Install_Scripts_5.1.tz
<FILE> rpmlist

- rpms Directory 의 복구

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli backup_session_list /FSRTest/install/rpms (/FSRtest/install/rpms안의 파일)

#12 2009-02-23 01:55:11 task1
#11 2009-02-23 01:50:09 task1
#10 2009-02-23 01:45:08 task1
#9 2009-02-23 01:44:28
#8 2009-02-23 01:40:06 task1
#7 2009-02-23 01:25:01 task1
#6 2009-02-23 01:20:30 task1
#5 2009-02-23 01:10:27 task1
#4 2009-02-22 17:27:22 task1
#3 2009-02-22 17:22:21 task1
#2 2009-02-22 17:17:19 task1
#1 2009-02-22 17:12:18 task1

[root@filesafe /]# fsrcli retrieve /FSRTest/install/rpms#12 –to(복구) /FSRTest/install/(복구할 경로)

(10) 파일 단위 복구

- Version List 확인

[root@filesafe FSRTest]# fsrcli version_list /FSRTest/install/ezrpm_log.txt

#3 2009-02-23 01:44:28 53 KB
#2 2009-02-23 01:40:06 7 KB
#1 2009-02-23 01:12:42 7 K

- #2 번의 복구하기

[root@filesafe FSRTest]# fsrcli retrieve /FSRTest/install/ezrpm_log.txt#2 -to /FSRTest/install
Calculating total count and size of files...
Beginning to retrieve...
/FSRTest/install/ezrpm_log.txt (OK)

- 다른 폴더에 복구하기

[root@filesafe install]# fsrcli retrieve /FSRTest/install/ezrpm_log.txt#2 -to /FSRTest(복구경로지정)

4. Windows 의 FSR 설정

(1) Repository Add 하기 (ipstor 서버에 client 등록 및 저장소 add)

FSR 실행 파일 클릭.

Add를 하면 Repository 를 등록, Host address 는 ipstor 서버

다음으로 Advanced 를 옵션 값을 변경한다. 백업 정책옵션(보관주기 설정)

encrypt 옵션은 “아니오”를 선택한다. 생성된 repository 확인
(등록된 client와 정보를 확인할 수 있음)

(2) 백업 설정하기

내 컴퓨터 →

백업 대상 폴더 및 파일을 선택 후 마우스 오른쪽 클릭 (클릭하면 back up을 누른다)

다음과 같은 화면에서 → next

Custom Backup → next

백업 스케줄 설정

백업 스케줄 상태 확인

(4) 복구 하기

- 폴더 전체 백업 복구하기

복구하려는 파일에서 오른쪽 버튼 → Retrieve 를 선택하여 Session 을 볼 수 있음

원하는 Session 의 시간대를 선택한다

복구할 Sesson을 선택하고 복구 될 폴더를 선택(default는 원본폴더)

파일 단위의 복구

원하는 파일을 선택 후 마우스 오른쪽 클릭

원하는 version의 시간을 선택한다.

파일을 복구할 폴더를 선택한다(default는 원본 폴더임)

기존 파일이 있어 덮어 쓸 경우 확인 한다.

복구된 결과를 확인한다.

(5) 백업 상태 점검 하기

백업 스케줄에서 백업 상태 확인 및 스케줄 수정을 할 수 있다.

Reports에서 백업 정상 상태를 Session 별로 확인 가능하다.

백업 결과를 Session 별로 확인 한다.

(6) O/S 재 설치 후 복구 하기

- FileSafe Package 설치 후 Repository 추가 하면 기존 정보를 그대로 가지고 온다.

위에 내용과 같이 똑같이 적용

기존 폴더에 복구 한다.

5. FSR Daemon stop&start

6.Xray 생성

root@aix53_1:/usr/local/fsima] ./iscmcli xray
Begin to take XRay...
sh: /usr/local/fsima/iscsiinfo.sh: not found.
cp: /usr/local/fsima/iscsiinfo.txt: A file or directory in the path name does not exist.
Take XRay finished. XRay file is on /usr/local/fsima/SDMXRay-2009-07-28-8256-build391.tar.gz.

해당 디렉토리에 생성.

- FileSafe Replicator 간단 명령어

1. Repository 등록

# fsrcli repo_add server 100.100.100.#### -u ####(Host ID -p ####(password)

2. Repository 정보

# fsrcli repo_list

3. policy 폴더를 등록 (example 하루에 한번, 백업시작 : 2009-08-30 00:00)

# fsrcli task_add /usr /tmp /home (백업받을디렉토리) -t task_fsr1(task_name) -schedule "daily(1);start(2009-08-30 00:00)" (스케쥴등록)

4. policy 폴더를 등록 (/ 등록할 경우 서브 디렉토리 / -f "R=no") task_add 따로 등록함

# fsrcli task_add / -f "R=no" -t task_fsr1 -schedule "daily(1);start(2009-06-09 00:00)"

5. policy의 내용확인

# fsrcli task_list

6. Repository 정책 정보

# fsrcli purge_policy_get NCIAnas01

7. Repository 정책수정 parameter 값 변경

# fsrcli purge_policy_set NCIAnas01 30 30 30

8. boot 디렉토리의 백업 session 정보확인

# fsrcli backup_session_list /boot

9. file 버전 확인

# fsrcli version_list /boot/ksi.txt

10. boot 디렉토리의 백업리스트 확인

# fsrcli backup_list /boot

11. boot 디렉토리의 내용을 확인

# fsrcli dir /boot

12. policy 정책의 내용을 수정하거나 백업디렉토리를 추가

# fsrcli task_edit /usr /boot /home -t task_fsr1 -schedule "daily(1);start(2009-06-09 00:15)"

13. FSR License 확인

# /usr/local/fsrima/iscmcli licstatus

14. FSR License 넣기

# fsrcli license_update_license_code ############# (라이센스값)
Trial license is expired

[root@dell181 /]# iscmcli licstatus
Begin to check product License...

*** FileSafe (163) ***
Status: TRIAL_UNREG_VALID(leftday 30) (트라이얼 라이센스)
Active Keycode: NANE2B0NA1F42TXNKMALPTCYH

15. FSR License Export 받기

# fsrcli license_key_export ############.dat

(라이센스.dat 파일을 팔콘스토어에 메일을 보내 정식라이센스를 받아야함)
e-mail address : activate.keycode@falconstor.com

16. FSR License import 하기

# fsrcli license_key_importt ##########.sig (#########.sig)
(정식라이센스 sig를 등록하면 라이센스작업완료)

fsrcli task_del (taskname)
fsrcli repo_del (reponame)
iscmcli delserv -s 100.100.100.### 서버등록삭제

서버 등록하기

iscmcli addserv -s 100.100.100.### -u hostname -c ipstor
fsrcli repo_add server 100.100.100.### -u hostname -p ipstor

- Global Filter 설정하는 방법

아래와 같이 /usr/local/filesafe/fsrcfg.xml 파일의 </Client> 위에 추가하여 주시면 됩니다.

[root@aix61:/usr/local/filesafe] cat fsrcfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<Client Version="3.0">
        <Repositories>
                <Repository Name="NAPA_POC_FileSa" KeyPasswordCipher="" Type="RemoteServer" Address="70.42.78.232" Port="18651" SecretKey="E86FFB4AABBB4C482921E8BBDD5083D2C4BBFED177A475F40035B4CE0636248E111EA516E8DBA2FDFE8C316E9329FC98" ServerUserName="fsrsvr" Flag="0" Desc="" Key="" Password="E99A18C428CB38D5F260853678922E03" Default="yes" QuotaSize="-1" QuotaFreeSize="-1" />
                <Repository Name="falc99" KeyPasswordCipher="" Type="RemoteServer" Address="135.80.13.9" Port="18651" SecretKey="CAF4FC4A20F5791DB2735E97055C3B2EFC414DFED523F8062D440EE287628F0D02F6CAD509DF74720B56077389D5D64B" ServerUserName="root" Flag="0" Desc="" Key="" Password="797D2957E5AD07887FFEE2EB0B58DD48" QuotaSize="-1" QuotaFreeSize="-1" />
        </Repositories>
        <CustomSettings ShowWelcome="1" LogPath="" AutoStartAgent="1" ReportPolicyType="2" ReportPolicyCount="30" CPUThrott="1" />
<CustomAttributes>
<GlobalFilters>
   <Item Filter="*.sh" Desc="shell scripts" />
</GlobalFilters>
</CustomAttributes>
</Client>

##</Client> 전에 <CustomAttributes>,<GlobalFilters> 추가하면 됩니다.

- Server Kernel bits 보는 command

: AIX bootinfo –K
: HP-UX getconf KERNEL_BITS
: Solaris isainfo –kv
: Linux getconf WORD_BIT

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide

BLUEDAY™ — Wed, 09 Jun 2010 14:09:00 +0900

os6400 configuration guide.zip

Contents

          About This Guide ............................................................ xli

          Supported Platforms ......................................................... xli

          Who Should Read this Manual? ................................................ xlii

          When Should I Read this Manual? ............................................. xlii

          What is in this Manual? ..................................................... xlii

          What is Not in this Manual? ................................................. xliii

          How is the Information Organized? ........................................... xliii

          Text Conventions ............................................................ xliii

          Documentation Roadmap ....................................................... xlv

          Related Documentation ....................................................... xlvii

          User Manual CD .............................................................. xlix

          Technical Support ........................................................... xlix

Chapter 1 CMM Commands ................................................................. 1-1
              reload ................................................................... 1-2
              reload working ........................................................... 1-4
              copy running-config working .............................................. 1-6
              write memory ............................................................. 1-8
              write memory flash-synchro ............................................... 1-9
              copy working certified ................................................... 1-11
              copy flash-synchro ....................................................... 1-13
              takeover ................................................................. 1-14
              show running-directory ................................................... 1-16
              show reload .............................................................. 1-19
              show microcode ........................................................... 1-20
              show microcode history ................................................... 1-22

Chapter 2 Chassis Management and Monitoring Commands ................................... 2-1
              system contact ........................................................... 2-3
              system name .............................................................. 2-4
              system location .......................................................... 2-5
              system date .............................................................. 2-6
              system time .............................................................. 2-7
              system time-and-date synchro ............................................. 2-8
              system timezone .......................................................... 2-9
              system daylight savings time ............................................. 2-12
              update ................................................................... 2-14
              update lanpower .......................................................... 2-17
              reload ni ................................................................ 2-18
              reload all ............................................................... 2-20
              reload pass-through ...................................................... 2-22
              power ni ................................................................. 2-24
              temp-threshold ........................................................... 2-25
              stack set slot ........................................................... 2-26
              stack clear slot ......................................................... 2-28
              show system .............................................................. 2-30
              show hardware info ....................................................... 2-32
              show chassis ............................................................. 2-34
              show cmm ................................................................. 2-36
              show ni .................................................................. 2-39
              show module .............................................................. 2-42
              show module long ......................................................... 2-44
              show module status ....................................................... 2-46
              show power ............................................................... 2-48
              show fan ................................................................. 2-50
              show temperature ......................................................... 2-52
              show stack topology ...................................................... 2-54
              show stack status ........................................................ 2-57
              hash-control ............................................................. 2-59
              show hash-control ........................................................ 2-61
              license apply ............................................................ 2-62
              show license info ........................................................ 2-63
              show license file ........................................................ 2-64

Chapter 3 Chassis MAC Server (CMS) Commands ............................................ 3-1
              mac-range eeprom ......................................................... 3-2
              mac-retention status ..................................................... 3-4
              mac-retention dup-mac-trap ............................................... 3-5
              mac release .............................................................. 3-6
              show mac-range ........................................................... 3-7
              show mac-range alloc ..................................................... 3-9
              show mac-retention status ................................................ 3-11

Chapter 4 Power over Ethernet (PoE) Commands ........................................... 4-1
              lanpower start ........................................................... 4-3
              lanpower stop ............................................................ 4-5
              lanpower power ........................................................... 4-6
              lanpower maxpower ........................................................ 4-8
              lanpower priority ........................................................ 4-10
              lanpower priority-disconnect ............................................. 4-12
              lanpower slot-priority ................................................... 4-14
              lanpower redundant-power ................................................. 4-16
              lanpower capacitor-detection ............................................. 4-17
              show lanpower ............................................................ 4-18
              show lanpower capacitor-detection ........................................ 4-22
              show lanpower priority-disconnect ........................................ 4-23
              show lanpower slot-priority .............................................. 4-24

Chapter 5 Network Time Protocol Commands ............................................... 5-1
              ntp server ............................................................... 5-2
              ntp server synchronized .................................................. 5-4
              ntp server unsynchronized ................................................ 5-5
              ntp client ............................................................... 5-6
              ntp src-ip preferred ..................................................... 5-7
              ntp broadcast-client ..................................................... 5-9
              ntp broadcast-delay ...................................................... 5-10
              ntp key .................................................................. 5-11
              ntp key load ............................................................. 5-13
              ntp authenticate ......................................................... 5-14
              ntp master ............................................................... 5-15
              ntp interface ............................................................ 5-16
              ntp max-associations ..................................................... 5-17
              ntp broadcast ............................................................ 5-18
              ntp peer ................................................................. 5-20
              show ntp status .......................................................... 5-22
              show ntp client .......................................................... 5-24
              show ntp client server-list .............................................. 5-26
              show ntp server client-list .............................................. 5-28
              show ntp server status ................................................... 5-30
              show ntp keys ............................................................ 5-34
              show ntp peers ........................................................... 5-36
              show ntp server disabled-interfaces ...................................... 5-38

Chapter 6 Session Management Commands .................................................. 6-1
              session login-attempt .................................................... 6-3
              session login-timeout .................................................... 6-4
              session banner ........................................................... 6-5
              session timeout .......................................................... 6-7
              session prompt ........................................................... 6-9
              session xon-xoff ......................................................... 6-10
              prompt ................................................................... 6-11
              show prefix .............................................................. 6-13
              alias .................................................................... 6-14
              show alias ............................................................... 6-16
              user profile save ........................................................ 6-17
              user profile reset ....................................................... 6-18
              history size ............................................................. 6-19
              show history ............................................................. 6-20
              ! ........................................................................ 6-22
              command-log .............................................................. 6-24
              kill ..................................................................... 6-25
              exit ..................................................................... 6-26
              whoami ................................................................... 6-27
              who ...................................................................... 6-30
              show session config ...................................................... 6-32
              show session xon-xoff .................................................... 6-34
              more size ................................................................ 6-35
              more ..................................................................... 6-36
              show more ................................................................ 6-37
              telnet ................................................................... 6-38
              telnet6 .................................................................. 6-39
              ssh ...................................................................... 6-41
              ssh6 ..................................................................... 6-43
              ssh enforce pubkey-auth .................................................. 6-45
              show ssh config .......................................................... 6-46
              show command-log ......................................................... 6-48
              show command-log status .................................................. 6-50

Chapter 7 File Management Commands ..................................................... 7-1
              cd ....................................................................... 7-3
              pwd ...................................................................... 7-5
              mkdir .................................................................... 7-6
              rmdir .................................................................... 7-8
              ls ....................................................................... 7-10
              dir ...................................................................... 7-12
              rename ................................................................... 7-14
              rm ....................................................................... 7-16
              delete ................................................................... 7-18
              cp ....................................................................... 7-19
              scp ...................................................................... 7-21
              mv ....................................................................... 7-23
              move ..................................................................... 7-25
              chmod .................................................................... 7-27
              attrib ................................................................... 7-28
              freespace ................................................................ 7-29
              fsck ..................................................................... 7-30
              newfs .................................................................... 7-32
              rcp ...................................................................... 7-33
              rrm ...................................................................... 7-35
              rls ...................................................................... 7-36
              vi ....................................................................... 7-38
              view ..................................................................... 7-39
              tty ...................................................................... 7-40
              show tty ................................................................. 7-42
              more ..................................................................... 7-43
              ftp ...................................................................... 7-45
              ftp6 ..................................................................... 7-47
              scp-sftp ................................................................. 7-49
              show ssh config .......................................................... 7-50
              sftp ..................................................................... 7-52
              sftp6 .................................................................... 7-54
              tftp ..................................................................... 7-56
              rz ....................................................................... 7-58

Chapter 8 Web Management Commands ...................................................... 8-1
              http server .............................................................. 8-2
              http ssl ................................................................. 8-3
              http port ................................................................ 8-4
              https port ............................................................... 8-5
              debug http sessiondb ..................................................... 8-6
              show http ................................................................ 8-8

Chapter 9 Configuration File Manager Commands .......................................... 9-1
              configuration apply ...................................................... 9-2
              configuration error-file limit ........................................... 9-4
              show configuration status ................................................ 9-6
              configuration cancel ..................................................... 9-8
              configuration syntax check ............................................... 9-9
              configuration snapshot ................................................... 9-11
              show configuration snapshot .............................................. 9-14
              write terminal ........................................................... 9-17

Chapter 10 SNMP Commands ............................................................... 10-1
              snmp station ............................................................. 10-3
              snmp source ip preferred ................................................. 10-5
              show snmp station ........................................................ 10-6
              snmp community map ....................................................... 10-8
              snmp community map mode .................................................. 10-10
              show snmp community map .................................................. 10-11
              snmp security ............................................................ 10-12
              show snmp security ....................................................... 10-14
              show snmp statistics ..................................................... 10-16
              show snmp mib family ..................................................... 10-18
              snmp trap absorption ..................................................... 10-19
              snmp trap to webview ..................................................... 10-20
              snmp trap replay ......................................................... 10-21
              snmp trap filter ......................................................... 10-23
              snmp authentication trap ................................................. 10-25
              show snmp trap replay .................................................... 10-26
              show snmp trap filter .................................................... 10-28
              show snmp authentication trap ............................................ 10-30
              show snmp trap config .................................................... 10-31

Chapter 11 DNS Commands ................................................................ 11-1
              ip domain-lookup ......................................................... 11-2
              ip name-server ........................................................... 11-3
              ipv6 name-server ......................................................... 11-5
              ip domain-name ........................................................... 11-7
              show dns ................................................................. 11-8

Chapter 12 Link Aggregation Commands ................................................... 12-1
               static linkagg size ..................................................... 12-3
               static linkagg name ..................................................... 12-5
               static linkagg admin state ............................................... 12-6
               static agg agg num ....................................................... 12-7
               lacp linkagg size ........................................................ 12-9
               lacp linkagg name ........................................................ 12-12
               lacp linkagg admin state ................................................. 12-13
               lacp linkagg actor admin key ............................................. 12-15
               lacp linkagg actor system priority ....................................... 12-16
               lacp linkagg actor system id ............................................. 12-17
               lacp linkagg partner system id ........................................... 12-18
               lacp linkagg partner system priority ..................................... 12-20
               lacp linkagg partner admin key ........................................... 12-21
               lacp agg actor admin key ................................................. 12-22
               lacp agg actor admin state ............................................... 12-25
               lacp agg actor system id ................................................. 12-27
               lacp agg actor system priority ........................................... 12-29
               lacp agg partner admin state ............................................. 12-31
               lacp agg partner admin system id ......................................... 12-33
               lacp agg partner admin key ............................................... 12-35
               lacp agg partner admin system priority ................................... 12-37
               lacp agg actor port priority ............................................. 12-39
               lacp agg partner admin port .............................................. 12-41
               lacp agg partner admin port priority ..................................... 12-43
               show linkagg ............................................................. 12-45
               show linkagg port ........................................................ 12-50

Chapter 13 Interswitch Protocol Commands ............................................ 13-1
               amap ..................................................................... 13-2
               amap discovery time ...................................................... 13-3
               amap common time ......................................................... 13-5
               show amap ................................................................ 13-7

Chapter 14 802.1Q Commands .......................................................... 14-1
               vlan 802.1q .............................................................. 14-2
               vlan 802.1q frame type ................................................... 14-4
               show 802.1q .............................................................. 14-6

Chapter 15 Distributed Spanning Tree Commands ....................................... 15-1
               bridge mode ............................................................. 15-4
               bridge protocol ......................................................... 15-6
               bridge cist protocol .................................................... 15-8
               bridge 1x1 protocol ..................................................... 15-10
               bridge mst region name .................................................. 15-12
               bridge mst region revision level ........................................ 15-14
               bridge mst region max hops .............................................. 15-15
               bridge msti ............................................................. 15-17
               bridge msti vlan ........................................................ 15-19
               bridge priority ......................................................... 15-21
               bridge cist priority .................................................... 15-23
               bridge msti priority .................................................... 15-25
               bridge 1x1 priority ..................................................... 15-27
               bridge hello time ....................................................... 15-29
               bridge cist hello time .................................................. 15-31
               bridge 1x1 hello time ................................................... 15-33
               bridge max age .......................................................... 15-35
               bridge cist max age ..................................................... 15-37
               bridge 1x1 max age ...................................................... 15-39
               bridge forward delay .................................................... 15-41
               bridge cist forward delay ............................................... 15-43
               bridge 1x1 forward delay ................................................ 15-45
               bridge bpdu-switching ................................................... 15-47
               bridge path cost mode ................................................... 15-49
               bridge auto-vlan-containment ............................................ 15-51
               bridge slot/port ........................................................ 15-53
               bridge cist slot/port ................................................... 15-55
               bridge 1x1 slot/port .................................................... 15-57
               bridge slot/port priority ............................................... 15-59
               bridge cist slot/port priority .......................................... 15-61
               bridge msti slot/port priority .......................................... 15-63
               bridge 1x1 slot/port priority ........................................... 15-65
               bridge slot/port path cost .............................................. 15-67
               bridge cist slot/port path cost ......................................... 15-71
               bridge msti slot/port path cost ......................................... 15-75
               bridge 1x1 slot/port path cost .......................................... 15-78
               bridge slot/port mode ................................................... 15-81
               bridge cist slot/port mode .............................................. 15-83
               bridge 1x1 slot/port mode ............................................... 15-85
               bridge slot/port connection ............................................. 15-87
               bridge cist slot/port connection ........................................ 15-89
               bridge 1x1 slot/port connection ......................................... 15-91
               bridge cist slot/port admin-edge ........................................ 15-93
               bridge 1x1 slot/port admin-edge ......................................... 15-95
               bridge cist slot/port auto-edge ......................................... 15-97
               bridge 1x1 slot/port auto-edge .......................................... 15-99
               bridge cist slot/port restricted-role ................................... 15-101
               bridge 1x1 slot/port restricted-role .................................... 15-103
               bridge cist slot/port restricted-tcn .................................... 15-105
               bridge 1x1 slot/port restricted-tcn ..................................... 15-107
               bridge cist txholdcount ................................................. 15-109
               bridge 1x1 txholdcount .................................................. 15-110
               bridge port 10gig os8800optimized ....................................... 15-111
               bridge rrstp ............................................................ 15-112
               bridge rrstp ring ....................................................... 15-113
               bridge rrstp ring vlan-tag .............................................. 15-115
               bridge rrstp ring status ................................................ 15-117
               show spantree ........................................................... 15-118
               show spantree cist ...................................................... 15-124
               show spantree msti ...................................................... 15-128
               show spantree 1x1 ....................................................... 15-133
               show spantree ports ..................................................... 15-137
               show spantree cist ports ................................................ 15-146
               show spantree msti ports ................................................ 15-150
               show spantree 1x1 ports ................................................. 15-156
               show spantree mst region ................................................ 15-162
               show spantree msti vlan-map ............................................. 15-164
               show spantree cist vlan-map ............................................. 15-166
               show spantree map-msti .................................................. 15-168
               show spantree mst port .................................................. 15-169
               show bridge rrstp configuration ......................................... 15-171
               show bridge rrstp ring .................................................. 15-172
               bridge mode 1x1 pvst+ ................................................... 15-174
               bridge port pvst+ ....................................................... 15-175
Chapter 16 Ethernet Ring Protection Commands ....................................... 16-1
               erp-ring ................................................................ 16-3
               erp-ring protected-vlan ................................................. 16-6
               erp-ring rpl-node ....................................................... 16-8
               erp-ring wait-to-restore ................................................ 16-10
               erp-ring enable ......................................................... 16-11
               erp-ring ethoam-event remote-endpoint ................................... 16-12
               erp-ring guard-timer .................................................... 16-14
               clear erp statistics .................................................... 16-15
               show erp ................................................................ 16-17
               show erp protected-vlan ................................................. 16-20
               show erp statistics ..................................................... 16-22

Chapter 17 Source Learning Commands ................................................ 17-1
               mac-address-table ....................................................... 17-2
               mac-address-table vpls permanent sap .................................... 17-4
               mac-address-table vpls permanent mesh-sdp ............................... 17-6
               mac-address-table static-multicast ...................................... 17-8
               mac-address-table aging-time ............................................ 17-10
               source-learning ......................................................... 17-12
               source-learning chassis-distributed ..................................... 17-14
               show mac-address-table .................................................. 17-15
               show mac-address-table all .............................................. 17-18
               show mac-address-table vpls ............................................. 17-20
               show mac-address-table vpls sap ......................................... 17-22
               show mac-address-table vpls mesh-sdp .................................... 17-24
               show mac-address-table static-multicast ................................. 17-26
               show mac-address-table count ............................................ 17-29
               show mac-address-table vpls count ....................................... 17-31
               show mac-address-table all count ........................................ 17-33
               show mac-address-table aging-time ....................................... 17-35
               show source-learning .................................................... 17-36
               show source-learning chassis-distributed ................................ 17-38

Chapter 18 Learned Port Security Commands .......................................... 18-1
               port-security ........................................................... 18-2
               port-security shutdown .................................................. 18-4
               port-security maximum ................................................... 18-6
               port-security max-filtering ............................................. 18-8
               port-security convert-to-static ......................................... 18-9
               port-security mac ....................................................... 18-11
               port-security mac-range ................................................. 18-13
               port-security violation ................................................. 18-15
               port-security release ................................................... 18-17
               port-security learn-trap-threshold ...................................... 18-19
               show port-security ...................................................... 18-20
               show port-security shutdown ............................................. 18-23

Chapter 19 Ethernet Port Commands .................................................. 19-1
               trap port link .......................................................... 19-4
               interfaces speed ........................................................ 19-6
               interfaces mode ......................................................... 19-8
               interfaces autoneg ...................................................... 19-10
               interfaces crossover .................................................... 19-12
               interfaces pause ........................................................ 19-14
               interfaces e2e-flow-vlan ................................................ 19-17
               interfaces duplex ....................................................... 19-19
               interfaces admin ........................................................ 19-21
               interfaces cli-prompt ................................................... 19-22
               interfaces alias ........................................................ 19-24
               interfaces ifg .......................................................... 19-25
               interfaces no l2 statistics ............................................. 19-26
               interfaces max frame .................................................... 19-28
               interfaces flood multicast .............................................. 19-29
               interfaces flood rate ................................................... 19-31
               interfaces clear-violation-all .......................................... 19-33
               interfaces transceiver ddm .............................................. 19-34
               interfaces hybrid preferred-fiber ....................................... 19-36
               interfaces hybrid preferred-copper ...................................... 19-38
               interfaces hybrid forced-fiber .......................................... 19-40
               interfaces hybrid forced-copper ......................................... 19-42
               interfaces hybrid autoneg ............................................... 19-44
               interfaces hybrid crossover ............................................. 19-46
               interfaces hybrid duplex ................................................ 19-48
               interfaces hybrid speed ................................................. 19-50
               interfaces hybrid pause ................................................. 19-52
               show interfaces ......................................................... 19-55
               show interfaces capability .............................................. 19-59
               show interfaces flow control ............................................ 19-61
               show interfaces pause ................................................... 19-63
               show interfaces e2e-flow-vlan ........................................... 19-65
               show interfaces accounting .............................................. 19-66
               show interfaces counters ................................................ 19-69
               show interfaces counters errors ......................................... 19-72
               show interfaces collisions .............................................. 19-74
               show interfaces status .................................................. 19-76
               show interfaces port .................................................... 19-79
               show interfaces ifg ..................................................... 19-81
               show interfaces flood rate .............................................. 19-83
               show interfaces traffic ................................................. 19-85
               show interfaces transceiver ............................................. 19-87
               show interfaces hybrid .................................................. 19-90
               show interfaces hybrid status ........................................... 19-94
               show interfaces hybrid flow control ..................................... 19-96
               show interfaces hybrid pause ............................................ 19-98
               show interfaces hybrid capability ....................................... 19-100
               show interfaces hybrid accounting ....................................... 19-102
               show interfaces hybrid counters ......................................... 19-105
               show interfaces hybrid counters errors .................................. 19-107
               show interfaces hybrid collisions ....................................... 19-109
               show interfaces hybrid traffic .......................................... 19-111
               show interfaces hybrid port ............................................. 19-113
               show interfaces hybrid flood rate ....................................... 19-115
               show interfaces hybrid ifg .............................................. 19-117
               debug interfaces set backpressure ....................................... 19-119
               debug interfaces backpressure ........................................... 19-120

Chapter 20 Port Mobility Commands .................................................. 20-1
               vlan dhcp mac ........................................................... 20-2
               vlan dhcp mac range ..................................................... 20-4
               vlan dhcp port .......................................................... 20-6
               vlan dhcp generic ....................................................... 20-8
               vlan binding mac-ip-port ................................................ 20-10
               vlan binding mac-port ................................................... 20-12
               vlan binding port-protocol .............................................. 20-14
               vlan mac ................................................................ 20-16
               vlan mac range .......................................................... 20-18
               vlan ip ................................................................. 20-20
               vlan ipx ................................................................ 20-22
               vlan protocol ........................................................... 20-24
               vlan port ............................................................... 20-26
               vlan port mobile ........................................................ 20-28
               vlan port default vlan restore .......................................... 20-30
               vlan port default vlan .................................................. 20-32
               vlan port authenticate .................................................. 20-34
               vlan port 802.1x ........................................................ 20-35
               show vlan rules ......................................................... 20-37
               show vlan port mobile ................................................... 20-39

Chapter 21 VLAN Management Commands ................................................ 21-1
               vlan .................................................................... 21-2
               vlan stp ................................................................ 21-4
               vlan mobile-tag ......................................................... 21-6
               vlan authentication ..................................................... 21-8
               vlan router ipx ......................................................... 21-10
               vlan mtu-ip ............................................................. 21-12
               vlan port default ....................................................... 21-13
               vlan source-learning .................................................... 21-15
               show vlan ............................................................... 21-17
               show vlan port .......................................................... 21-20
               show vlan router mac status ............................................. 21-23
               show vlan gvrp .......................................................... 21-25
               show vlan ipmvlan ....................................................... 21-28

Chapter 22 GVRP Commands ........................................................... 22-1
               gvrp .................................................................... 22-2
               gvrp port ............................................................... 22-3
               gvrp transparent switching .............................................. 22-5
               gvrp maximum vlan ....................................................... 22-6
               gvrp registration ....................................................... 22-7
               gvrp applicant .......................................................... 22-9
               gvrp timer .............................................................. 22-11
               gvrp restrict-vlan-registration ......................................... 22-13
               gvrp restrict-vlan-advertisement ........................................ 22-15
               gvrp static-vlan restrict ............................................... 22-17
               clear gvrp statistics ................................................... 22-19
               show gvrp statistics .................................................... 22-20
               show gvrp last-pdu-origin ............................................... 22-23
               show gvrp configuration ................................................. 22-24
               show gvrp configuration port ............................................ 22-26
               show gvrp configuration linkagg/port .................................... 22-28
               show gvrp timer ......................................................... 22-31

Chapter 23 VLAN Stacking Commands .................................................. 23-1
               ethernet-service ........................................................ 23-2
               ethernet-service service-name ........................................... 23-4
               ethernet-service svlan nni .............................................. 23-6
               ethernet-service nni .................................................... 23-8
               ethernet-service sap .................................................... 23-11
               ethernet-service sap uni ................................................ 23-13
               ethernet-service sap cvlan .............................................. 23-15
               ethernet-service sap-profile ............................................ 23-17
               ethernet-service sap sap-profile ........................................ 23-20
               ethernet-service source-learning ........................................ 23-22
               ethernet-service uni-profile ............................................ 23-24
               ethernet-service uni uni-profile ........................................ 23-27
               show ethernet-service mode .............................................. 23-29
               show ethernet-service vlan .............................................. 23-30
               show ethernet-service ................................................... 23-32
               show ethernet-service sap ............................................... 23-35
               show ethernet-service port .............................................. 23-37
               show ethernet-service nni ............................................... 23-40
               show ethernet-service uni ............................................... 23-42
               show ethernet-service uni-profile ....................................... 23-44
               show ethernet-service sap-profile ....................................... 23-46

Chapter 24 MPLS LDP Commands ....................................................... 24-1
               configure router ldp shutdown ........................................... 24-3
               configure router ldp interface-parameters interface ..................... 24-4
               configure router ldp interface-parameters interface shutdown ............ 24-6
               configure router ldp interface-parameters hello ......................... 24-7
               configure router ldp interface-parameters keepalive ..................... 24-9
               configure router ldp interface-parameters transport-address ............. 24-11
               configure router ldp targeted-session hello ............................. 24-13
               configure router ldp targeted-session keepalive ......................... 24-15
               configure router ldp graceful-restart-helper ............................ 24-17
               configure router ldp reconnect-time ..................................... 24-19
               configure router ldp fwd-state-holding-time ............................. 24-21
               configure router ldp maximum-recovery-time .............................. 24-23
               configure router ldp neighbor-liveness-time ............................. 24-25
               oam lsp-ping ............................................................ 24-27
               oam lsp-trace ........................................................... 24-30
               show router ldp bindings ................................................ 24-33
               show router ldp bindings fec-type ....................................... 24-36
               show router ldp bindings ingress-label .................................. 24-39
               show router ldp bindings egress-label ................................... 24-42
               show router ldp bindings prefix ......................................... 24-45
               show router ldp bindings active ......................................... 24-47
               show router ldp bindings vc-type ........................................ 24-49
               show router ldp bindings service-id ..................................... 24-52
               show router ldp discovery ............................................... 24-54
               show router ldp discovery peer .......................................... 24-57
               show router ldp discovery interface ..................................... 24-60
               show router ldp interface ............................................... 24-63
               show router ldp parameters .............................................. 24-66
               show router ldp peer .................................................... 24-70
               show router ldp session ................................................. 24-73
               show router ldp status .................................................. 24-77

Chapter 25 MPLS Static LSP and FRR Commands ........................................ 25-1
               configure router mpls shutdown .......................................... 25-3
               configure router mpls interface ......................................... 25-4
               configure router mpls interface shutdown ................................ 25-5
               configure router mpls interface label-map ............................... 25-6
               configure router mpls interface label-map swap next-hop ................. 25-8
               configure router mpls interface label-map pop ........................... 25-10
               configure router mpls interface label-map shutdown ...................... 25-12
               configure router mpls static-lsp ........................................ 25-14
               configure router mpls static-lsp shutdown ............................... 25-16
               configure router mpls static-lsp to ..................................... 25-18
               configure router mpls static-lsp push next-hop .......................... 25-20
               configure router mpls interface label-map protect-swap next-hop ......... 25-22
               show router mpls interface .............................................. 25-24
               show router mpls label .................................................. 25-27
               show router mpls label-range ............................................ 25-31
               show router mpls static-lsp ............................................. 25-33
               show router mpls status ................................................. 25-36

Chapter 26 Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) Commands ............................. 26-1
               configure service customer create ....................................... 26-3
               configure service customer contact ...................................... 26-5
               configure service customer phone ........................................ 26-7
               configure service customer description .................................. 26-9
               configure service sdp create ............................................ 26-11
               configure service sdp description ....................................... 26-13
               configure service sdp far-end ........................................... 26-15
               configure service sdp shutdown .......................................... 26-17
               configure service sdp ldp ............................................... 26-19
               configure service sdp signaling ......................................... 26-21
               configure service sdp lsp ............................................... 26-23
               configure service sdp adv-mtu-override .................................. 26-25
               configure service sdp path-mtu .......................................... 26-27
               configure service vpls create ........................................... 26-29
               configure service vpls description ...................................... 26-31
               configure service vpls shutdown ......................................... 26-33
               configure service vpls def-mesh-vc-id ................................... 26-35
               configure service vpls send-flush-on-failure ............................ 26-37
               configure service vpls service-mtu ...................................... 26-39
               configure service vpls mesh-sdp ......................................... 26-41
               configure service vpls mesh-sdp shutdown ................................ 26-43
               configure service vpls mesh-sdp egress vc-label ......................... 26-45
               configure service vpls mesh-sdp ingress vc-label ........................ 26-47
               configure service vpls mesh-sdp static-mac .............................. 26-49
               configure service l2profile ............................................. 26-51
               configure service port mode access ...................................... 26-54
               configure service port l2profile ........................................ 26-56
               configure service port encap-type ....................................... 26-58
               configure service vpls sap create ....................................... 26-60
               configure service vpls sap description .................................. 26-62
               configure service vpls sap trusted ...................................... 26-64
               configure service vpls sap shutdown ..................................... 26-66
               configure service vpls sap static-mac ................................... 26-68
               clear service id fdb .................................................... 26-70
               clear service id mesh-sdp ingress-vc-label .............................. 26-72
               show service l2profile .................................................. 26-74
               show service port ....................................................... 26-76
               show service customer ................................................... 26-78
               show service sdp ........................................................ 26-80
               show service id all ..................................................... 26-84
               show service id base .................................................... 26-88
               show service id labels .................................................. 26-91
               show service id sap ..................................................... 26-93
               show service id sdp ..................................................... 26-96
               show service sap-using .................................................. 26-100
               show service sdp-using .................................................. 26-102
               show service egress-label ............................................... 26-104
               show service ingress-label .............................................. 26-106
               show service fdb-info ................................................... 26-108
               show service fdb-mac .................................................... 26-110

Chapter 27 802.1AB Commands ........................................................ 27-1
               lldp transmit interval .................................................. 27-2
               lldp transmit hold-multiplier ........................................... 27-3
               lldp transmit delay ..................................................... 27-4
               lldp reinit delay ....................................................... 27-5
               lldp notification interval .............................................. 27-6
               lldp lldpdu ............................................................. 27-7
               lldp notification ....................................................... 27-9
               lldp tlv management ..................................................... 27-11
               lldp tlv dot1 ........................................................... 27-13
               lldp tlv dot3 ........................................................... 27-15
               lldp tlv med ............................................................ 27-17
               show lldp system-statistics ............................................. 27-19
               show lldp statistics .................................................... 27-21
               show lldp local-system .................................................. 27-23
               show lldp local-port .................................................... 27-25
               show lldp local-management-address ...................................... 27-27
               show lldp remote-system ................................................. 27-28
               show lldp remote-system med ............................................. 27-30

Chapter 28 Ethernet OAM Commands ................................................... 28-1
               ethoam domain ........................................................... 28-3
               ethoam domain mhf ....................................................... 28-5
               ethoam association ...................................................... 28-7
               ethoam association mhf .................................................. 28-9
               ethoam association ccm-interval ......................................... 28-11
               ethoam association endpoint-list ........................................ 28-13
               ethoam default-domain ................................................... 28-15
               ethoam endpoint ......................................................... 28-17
               ethoam endpoint admin-state ............................................. 28-19
               ethoam endpoint ccm ..................................................... 28-21
               ethoam endpoint priority ................................................ 28-23
               ethoam endpoint lowest-priority-defect .................................. 28-25
               ethoam loopback ......................................................... 28-27
               ethoam linktrace ........................................................ 28-29
               ethoam fault-alarm-time ................................................. 28-31
               ethoam fault-reset-time ................................................. 28-33
               show ethoam ............................................................. 28-35
               show ethoam domain ...................................................... 28-37
               show ethoam domain association .......................................... 28-39
               show ethoam domain association end-point ................................ 28-41
               show ethoam default-domain .............................................. 28-44
               show ethoam remote endpoint domain ...................................... 28-46
               show ethoam cfmstack .................................................... 28-48
               show ethoam linktrace-reply domain ...................................... 28-50
               show ethoam linktrace-tran-id ........................................... 28-52
               show ethoam statistics .................................................. 28-54

Chapter 29 LINK OAM Commands ....................................................... 29-1
               efm-oam ................................................................. 29-3
               efm-oam port status ..................................................... 29-4
               efm-oam port mode ....................................................... 29-6
               efm-oam port keepalive-interval ......................................... 29-8
               efm-oam port hello-interval ............................................. 29-9
               efm-oam port remote-loopback ............................................ 29-11
               efm-oam port remote-loopback start ...................................... 29-13
               efm-oam port propagate-events ........................................... 29-15
               efm-oam errored-frame-period ............................................ 29-17
               efm-oam errored-frame ................................................... 29-19
               efm-oam errored-frame-seconds-summary ................................... 29-21
               efm-oam multiple-pdu-count .............................................. 29-23
               efm-oam port l1-ping .................................................... 29-24
               show efm-oam configuration .............................................. 29-26
               show efm-oam port ....................................................... 29-27
               show efm-oam port detail ................................................ 29-31
               show efm-oam port statistics ............................................ 29-34
               show efm-oam port remote detail ......................................... 29-38
               show efm-oam port history ............................................... 29-40
               show efm-oam port l1-ping detail ........................................ 29-42
               clear efm-oam statistics ................................................ 29-44
               clear efm-oam log-history ............................................... 29-45

Chapter 30 UDLD Commands ........................................................... 30-1
               udld .................................................................... 30-2
               udld port ............................................................... 30-3
               udld mode ............................................................... 30-5
               udld probe-timer ........................................................ 30-7
               udld echo-wait-timer .................................................... 30-9
               clear udld statistics port .............................................. 30-11
               interfaces clear-violation-all .......................................... 30-12
               show udld configuration ................................................. 30-13
               show udld configuration port ............................................ 30-14
               show udld statistics port ............................................... 30-16
               show udld neighbor port ................................................. 30-18
               show udld status port ................................................... 30-20

Chapter 31 Port Mapping Commands ................................................... 31-1
               port mapping user-port network-port ..................................... 31-2
               port mapping ............................................................ 31-4
               port mapping ............................................................ 31-6
               port mapping unknown-unicast-flooding ................................... 31-8
               show port mapping status ................................................ 31-10
               show port mapping ....................................................... 31-12

Chapter 32 IP Commands ............................................................. 32-1
               ip interface ............................................................ 32-4
               ip interface tunnel ..................................................... 32-7
               ip router primary-address ............................................... 32-9
               ip router router-id ..................................................... 32-10
               ip static-route ......................................................... 32-11
               ip route-pref ........................................................... 32-13
               ip default-ttl .......................................................... 32-15
               ping .................................................................... 32-16
               traceroute .............................................................. 32-18
               ip directed-broadcast ................................................... 32-20
               ip service .............................................................. 32-21
               ip redist ............................................................... 32-23
               ip access-list .......................................................... 32-25
               ip access-list address .................................................. 32-26
               ip route-map action ..................................................... 32-28
               ip route-map match ip address ........................................... 32-30
               ip route-map match ipv6 address ......................................... 32-32
               ip route-map match ip-nexthop ........................................... 32-34
               ip route-map match ipv6-nexthop ......................................... 32-36
               ip route-map match tag .................................................. 32-38
               ip route-map match ipv4-interface ....................................... 32-40
               ip route-map match ipv6-interface ....................................... 32-42
               ip route-map match metric ............................................... 32-44
               ip route-map match route-type ........................................... 32-46
               ip route-map set metric ................................................. 32-48
               ip route-map set metric-type ............................................ 32-50
               ip route-map set tag .................................................... 32-52
               ip route-map set community .............................................. 32-54
               ip route-map set local-preference ....................................... 32-56
               ip route-map set level .................................................. 32-58
               ip route-map set ip-nexthop ............................................. 32-60
               ip route-map set ipv6-nexthop ........................................... 32-62
               vrf ..................................................................... 32-64
               arp ..................................................................... 32-66
               clear arp-cache ......................................................... 32-68
               ip dos arp-poison restricted-address .................................... 32-69
               arp filter .............................................................. 32-70
               clear arp filter ........................................................ 32-72
               icmp type ............................................................... 32-73
               icmp unreachable ........................................................ 32-76
               icmp echo ............................................................... 32-78
               icmp timestamp .......................................................... 32-80
               icmp addr-mask .......................................................... 32-82
               icmp messages ........................................................... 32-84
               ip dos scan close-port-penalty .......................................... 32-85
               ip dos scan tcp open-port-penalty ....................................... 32-86
               ip dos scan udp open-port-penalty ....................................... 32-87
               ip dos scan threshold ................................................... 32-88
               ip dos trap ............................................................. 32-90
               ip dos scan decay ....................................................... 32-91
               show ip traffic ......................................................... 32-92
               show ip interface ....................................................... 32-95
               show ip route ........................................................... 32-100
               show ip route-pref ...................................................... 32-102
               show ip redist .......................................................... 32-104
               show ip access-list ..................................................... 32-106
               show ip route-map ....................................................... 32-108
               show ip router database ................................................. 32-110
               show ip emp-route ....................................................... 32-113
               show ip config .......................................................... 32-115
               show ip protocols ....................................................... 32-116
               show ip service ......................................................... 32-118
               show vrf ................................................................ 32-120
               show arp ................................................................ 32-121
               show arp summary ........................................................ 32-123
               show arp filter ......................................................... 32-124
               show icmp control ....................................................... 32-126
               show icmp statistics .................................................... 32-128
               show tcp statistics ..................................................... 32-130
               show tcp ports .......................................................... 32-132
               show udp statistics ..................................................... 32-134
               show udp ports .......................................................... 32-135
               show ip dos config ...................................................... 32-136
               show ip dos statistics .................................................. 32-138
               show ip dos arp-poison .................................................. 32-140

Chapter 33 IPv6 Commands ........................................................... 33-1
               ipv6 interface .......................................................... 33-3
               ipv6 address ............................................................ 33-6
               ipv6 address global-id .................................................. 33-8
               ipv6 address local-unicast .............................................. 33-9
               ipv6 interface tunnel source destination ................................ 33-11
               ipv6 dad-check .......................................................... 33-12
               ipv6 hop-limit .......................................................... 33-13
               ipv6 pmtu-lifetime ...................................................... 33-14
               ipv6 host ............................................................... 33-15
               ipv6 neighbor stale-lifetime ............................................ 33-16
               ipv6 neighbor ........................................................... 33-17
               ipv6 prefix ............................................................. 33-19
               ipv6 route .............................................................. 33-21
               ipv6 static-route ....................................................... 33-22
               ipv6 route-pref ......................................................... 33-24
               ping6 ................................................................... 33-26
               traceroute6 ............................................................. 33-28
               show ipv6 hosts ......................................................... 33-30
               show ipv6 icmp statistics ............................................... 33-31
               show ipv6 interface ..................................................... 33-34
               show ipv6 pmtu table .................................................... 33-39
               clear ipv6 pmtu table ................................................... 33-41
               show ipv6 neighbors ..................................................... 33-42
               clear ipv6 neighbors .................................................... 33-44
               show ipv6 prefixes ...................................................... 33-45
               show ipv6 routes ........................................................ 33-47
               show ipv6 route-pref .................................................... 33-49
               show ipv6 router database ............................................... 33-50
               show ipv6 tcp ports ..................................................... 33-52
               show ipv6 traffic ....................................................... 33-54
               clear ipv6 traffic ...................................................... 33-57
               show ipv6 tunnel ........................................................ 33-58
               show ipv6 udp ports ..................................................... 33-60
               show ipv6 information ................................................... 33-62
               ipv6 redist ............................................................. 33-64
               ipv6 access-list ........................................................ 33-66
               ipv6 access-list address ................................................ 33-67
               show ipv6 redist ........................................................ 33-69
               show ipv6 access-list ................................................... 33-71
               ipv6 load rip ........................................................... 33-73
               ipv6 rip status ......................................................... 33-74
               ipv6 rip invalid-timer .................................................. 33-75
               ipv6 rip garbage-timer .................................................. 33-76
               ipv6 rip holddown-timer ................................................. 33-77
               ipv6 rip jitter ......................................................... 33-78
               ipv6 rip route-tag ...................................................... 33-79
               ipv6 rip update-interval ................................................ 33-80
               ipv6 rip triggered-sends ................................................ 33-81
               ipv6 rip interface ...................................................... 33-82
               ipv6 rip interface metric ............................................... 33-84
               ipv6 rip interface recv-status .......................................... 33-85
               ipv6 rip interface send-status .......................................... 33-86
               ipv6 rip interface horizon .............................................. 33-87
               show ipv6 rip ........................................................... 33-88
               show ipv6 rip interface ................................................. 33-90
               show ipv6 rip peer ...................................................... 33-93
               show ipv6 rip routes .................................................... 33-95

Chapter 34 IPsec commands .......................................................... 34-1
               ipsec key ............................................................... 34-2
               ipsec security-key ...................................................... 34-4
               ipsec policy ............................................................ 34-6
               ipsec policy rule ....................................................... 34-9
               ipsec sa ................................................................ 34-11
               show ipsec policy ....................................................... 34-14
               show ipsec sa ........................................................... 34-17
               show ipsec key .......................................................... 34-19
               show ipsec ipv6 statistics .............................................. 34-21

Chapter 35 RDP Commands ............................................................ 35-1
               ip router-discovery ..................................................... 35-2
               ip router-discovery interface ........................................... 35-3
               ip router-discovery interface advertisement-address ..................... 35-5
               ip router-discovery interface max-advertisement-interval ................ 35-7
               ip router-discovery interface min-advertisement-interval ................ 35-9
               ip router-discovery interface advertisement-lifetime .................... 35-11
               ip router-discovery interface preference-level .......................... 35-13
               show ip router-discovery ................................................ 35-15
               show ip router-discovery interface ...................................... 35-17

Chapter 36 DHCP Relay Commands ..................................................... 36-1
               ip helper address ....................................................... 36-3
               ip helper address vlan .................................................. 36-5
               ip helper standard ...................................................... 36-7
               ip helper avlan only .................................................... 36-8
               ip helper per-vlan only ................................................. 36-10
               ip helper forward delay ................................................. 36-12
               ip helper maximum hops .................................................. 36-14
               ip helper agent-information ............................................. 36-16
               ip helper agent-information policy ...................................... 36-18
               ip helper pxe-support ................................................... 36-20
               ip helper traffic-suppression ........................................... 36-21
               ip helper dhcp-snooping ................................................. 36-23
               ip helper dhcp-snooping mac-address verification ........................ 36-24
               ip helper dhcp-snooping option-82 data-insertion ........................ 36-25
               ip helper dhcp-snooping option-82 format ................................ 36-27
               ip helper dhcp-snooping bypass option-82-check .......................... 36-29
               ip helper dhcp-snooping vlan ............................................ 36-30
               ip helper dhcp-snooping port ............................................ 36-32
               ip helper dhcp-snooping linkagg ......................................... 36-34
               ip helper dhcp-snooping port traffic-suppression ........................ 36-36
               ip helper dhcp-snooping port ip-source-filtering ........................ 36-38
               ip helper dhcp-snooping binding ......................................... 36-40
               ip helper dhcp-snooping binding timeout ................................. 36-42
               ip helper dhcp-snooping binding action .................................. 36-43
               ip helper dhcp-snooping binding persistency ............................. 36-44
               ip helper boot-up ....................................................... 36-45
               ip helper boot-up enable ................................................ 36-46
               ip udp relay ............................................................ 36-47
               ip udp relay vlan ....................................................... 36-49
               show ip helper .......................................................... 36-51
               show ip helper stats .................................................... 36-55
               show ip helper dhcp-snooping vlan ....................................... 36-57
               show ip helper dhcp-snooping port ....................................... 36-59
               show ip helper dhcp-snooping binding .................................... 36-61
               show ip udp relay service ............................................... 36-63
               show ip udp relay statistics ............................................ 36-65
               show ip udp relay destination ........................................... 36-67
Chapter 37 RIP Commands ............................................................ 37-1
               ip load rip ............................................................. 37-2
               ip rip status ........................................................... 37-3
               ip rip interface ........................................................ 37-4
               ip rip interface status ................................................. 37-6
               ip rip interface metric ................................................. 37-8
               ip rip interface send-version ........................................... 37-9
               ip rip interface recv-version ........................................... 37-11
               ip rip force-holddowntimer .............................................. 37-13
               ip rip host-route ....................................................... 37-15
               ip rip route-tag ........................................................ 37-16
               ip rip interface auth-type .............................................. 37-17
               ip rip interface auth-key ............................................... 37-18
               ip rip update-interval .................................................. 37-19
               ip rip invalid-timer .................................................... 37-20
               ip rip garbage-timer .................................................... 37-21
               ip rip holddown-timer ................................................... 37-22
               show ip rip ............................................................. 37-23
               show ip rip routes ...................................................... 37-25
               show ip rip interface ................................................... 37-28
               show ip rip peer ........................................................ 37-30

Chapter 38 IPX Commands ............................................................ 38-1
               ipx routing ............................................................. 38-2
               ipx default-route ....................................................... 38-3
               ipx route ............................................................... 38-5
               clear ipx route ......................................................... 38-7
               ping ipx ................................................................ 38-9
               ipx filter rip .......................................................... 38-11
               ipx filter sap .......................................................... 38-13
               ipx filter gns .......................................................... 38-16
               ipx type-20-propagation ................................................. 38-18
               ipx packet-extension .................................................... 38-20
               ipx timers .............................................................. 38-22
               show ipx interface ...................................................... 38-24
               show ipx traffic ........................................................ 38-28
               show ipx default-route .................................................. 38-32
               show ipx route .......................................................... 38-34
               show ipx servers ........................................................ 38-36
               show ipx filter ......................................................... 38-38
               show ipx type-20-propagation ............................................ 38-40
               show ipx packet-extension ............................................... 38-41
               show ipx timers ......................................................... 38-42

Chapter 39 BFD Commands ............................................................ 39-1
               ip bfd-std status ....................................................... 39-3
               ip bfd-std transmit ..................................................... 39-4
               ip bfd-std receive ...................................................... 39-5
               ip bfd-std mode ......................................................... 39-6
               ip bfd-std echo interval ................................................ 39-8
               ip bfd-std l2-hold-timer ................................................ 39-9
               ip bfd-std interface .................................................... 39-10
               ip bfd-std interface status ............................................. 39-11
               ip bfd-std interface transmit ........................................... 39-12
               ip bfd-std interface receive ............................................ 39-13
               ip bfd-std interface multiplier ......................................... 39-14
               ip bfd-std interface echo-interval ...................................... 39-15
               ip bfd-std interface mode ............................................... 39-16
               ip bfd-std interface l2-hold-timer ...................................... 39-18
               ip ospf bfd-std status .................................................. 39-19
               ip ospf bfd-std all-interfaces .......................................... 39-21
               ip ospf interface bfd-std ............................................... 39-22
               ip ospf interface bfd-std drs-only ...................................... 39-23
               ip ospf interface bfd-std all-nbrs ...................................... 39-24
               ip bgp bfd-std status ................................................... 39-25
               ip bgp bfd-std all-neighbors ............................................ 39-26
               ip bgp neighbors bfd-std ................................................ 39-27
               vrrp bfd-std ............................................................ 39-28
               vrrp track address bfd-std .............................................. 39-29
               ip static-route all bfd-std ............................................. 39-30
               ip static-routes bfd-std status ......................................... 39-31
               show ip bfd-std ......................................................... 39-32
               show ip bfd-std interfaces .............................................. 39-34
               show ip bfd-std sessions ................................................ 39-36
               show ip bfd-std session ................................................. 39-38

Chapter 40 VRRP Commands ............................................................ 40-1
               vrrp ..................................................................... 40-3
               vrrp address ............................................................. 40-6
               vrrp track ............................................................... 40-7
               vrrp track-association ................................................... 40-9
               vrrp trap ................................................................ 40-10
               vrrp delay ............................................................... 40-11
               vrrp interval ............................................................ 40-12
               vrrp priority ............................................................ 40-14
               vrrp preempt ............................................................. 40-16
               vrrp all ................................................................. 40-18
               vrrp set ................................................................. 40-20
               vrrp group ............................................................... 40-22
               vrrp group all ........................................................... 40-24
               vrrp group set ........................................................... 40-26
               vrrp group-association ................................................... 40-28
               vrrp3 .................................................................... 40-30
               vrrp3 address ............................................................ 40-33
               vrrp3 trap ............................................................... 40-34
               vrrp3 track-association .................................................. 40-35
               show vrrp ................................................................ 40-36
               show vrrp statistics ..................................................... 40-39
               show vrrp track .......................................................... 40-42
               show vrrp track-association .............................................. 40-44
               show vrrp group .......................................................... 40-46
               show vrrp group-association .............................................. 40-48
               show vrrp3 ............................................................... 40-50
               show vrrp3 statistics .................................................... 40-53
               show vrrp3 track-association ............................................. 40-55

Chapter 41 OSPF Commands ............................................................ 41-1
               ip ospf status ........................................................... 41-3
               ip load ospf ............................................................. 41-4
               ip ospf exit-overflow-interval ........................................... 41-5
               ip ospf extlsdb-limit .................................................... 41-6
               ip ospf host ............................................................. 41-7
               ip ospf mtu-checking ..................................................... 41-9
               ip ospf default-originate ................................................ 41-10
               ip ospf route-tag ........................................................ 41-12
               ip ospf spf-timer ........................................................ 41-13
               ip ospf virtual-link ..................................................... 41-15
               ip ospf neighbor ......................................................... 41-18
               ip ospf area ............................................................. 41-20
               ip ospf area default-metric .............................................. 41-22
               ip ospf area range ....................................................... 41-24
               ip ospf interface ........................................................ 41-26
               ip ospf interface status ................................................. 41-27
               ip ospf interface area ................................................... 41-28
               ip ospf interface auth-key ............................................... 41-29
               ip ospf interface auth-type .............................................. 41-30
               ip ospf interface dead-interval .......................................... 41-32
               ip ospf interface hello-interval ......................................... 41-33
               ip ospf interface md5 .................................................... 41-34
               ip ospf interface md5 key ................................................ 41-36
               ip ospf interface type ................................................... 41-38
               ip ospf interface cost ................................................... 41-40
               ip ospf interface poll-interval .......................................... 41-41
               ip ospf interface priority ............................................... 41-42
               ip ospf interface retrans-interval ....................................... 41-43
               ip ospf interface transit-delay .......................................... 41-44
               ip ospf restart-support .................................................. 41-45
               ip ospf restart-interval ................................................. 41-46
               ip ospf restart-helper status ............................................ 41-47
               ip ospf restart-helper strict-lsa-checking status ........................ 41-49
               ip ospf restart initiate ................................................. 41-51
               show ip ospf ............................................................. 41-52
               show ip ospf border-routers .............................................. 41-55
               show ip ospf ext-lsdb .................................................... 41-57
               show ip ospf host ........................................................ 41-59
               show ip ospf lsdb ........................................................ 41-61
               show ip ospf neighbor .................................................... 41-63
               show ip ospf routes ...................................................... 41-66
               show ip ospf virtual-link ................................................ 41-68
               show ip ospf virtual-neighbor ............................................ 41-70
               show ip ospf area ........................................................ 41-73
               show ip ospf area range .................................................. 41-76
               show ip ospf area stub ................................................... 41-78
               show ip ospf interface ................................................... 41-80
               show ip ospf restart ..................................................... 41-86

Chapter 42 OSPFv3 Commands .......................................................... 42-1
               ipv6 ospf status ......................................................... 42-3
               ipv6 load ospf ........................................................... 42-4
               ipv6 ospf host ........................................................... 42-5
               ipv6 ospf mtu-checking ................................................... 42-7
               ipv6 ospf route-tag ...................................................... 42-8
               ipv6 ospf spf-timer ...................................................... 42-9
               ipv6 ospf virtual-link ................................................... 42-11
               ipv6 ospf area ........................................................... 42-13
               ipv6 ospf interface ...................................................... 42-15
               ipv6 ospf interface status ............................................... 42-16
               ipv6 ospf interface area ................................................. 42-17
               ipv6 ospf interface dead-interval ........................................ 42-18
               ipv6 ospf interface hello-interval ....................................... 42-20
               ipv6 ospf interface cost ................................................. 42-21
               ipv6 ospf interface priority ............................................. 42-22
               ipv6 ospf interface retrans-interval ..................................... 42-23
               ipv6 ospf interface transit-delay ........................................ 42-24
               show ipv6 ospf ........................................................... 42-25
               show ipv6 ospf border-routers ............................................ 42-28
               show ipv6 ospf host ...................................................... 42-30
               show ipv6 ospf lsdb ...................................................... 42-32
               show ipv6 ospf neighbor .................................................. 42-34
               show ipv6 ospf routes .................................................... 42-36
               show ipv6 ospf virtual-link .............................................. 42-38
               show ipv6 ospf area ...................................................... 42-40
               show ipv6 ospf interface ................................................. 42-42

Chapter 43 IS-IS Commands ............................................................ 43-1
               ip load isis .............................................................. 43-4
               ip isis status ............................................................ 43-5
               ip isis area-id ........................................................... 43-6
               ip isis level-capability .................................................. 43-7
               ip isis auth-check ........................................................ 43-8
               ip isis auth-type ......................................................... 43-9
               ip isis csnp-auth ......................................................... 43-11
               ip isis hello-auth ........................................................ 43-12
               ip isis psnp-auth ......................................................... 43-13
               ip isis lsp-lifetime ...................................................... 43-14
               ip isis lsp-wait .......................................................... 43-15
               ip isis spf-wait .......................................................... 43-17
               ip isis summary-address ................................................... 43-19
               ip isis overload .......................................................... 43-21
               ip isis overload-on-boot .................................................. 43-23
               ip isis graceful-restart .................................................. 43-25
               ip isis graceful-restart helper ........................................... 43-26
               ip isis system-wait-time .................................................. 43-27
               ip isis strict-adjacency-check ............................................ 43-28
               ip isis level auth-type ................................................... 43-29
               ip isis level hello-auth .................................................. 43-31
               ip isis level csnp-auth ................................................... 43-32
               ip isis level psnp-auth ................................................... 43-33
               ip isis level wide-metrics-only ........................................... 43-34
               show ip isis adjacency .................................................... 43-35
               show ip isis database ..................................................... 43-38
               show ip isis hostname ..................................................... 43-43
               show ip isis routes ....................................................... 43-45
               show ip isis spf .......................................................... 43-47
               show ip isis spf-log ...................................................... 43-49
               show ip isis statistics ................................................... 43-51
               show ip isis status ....................................................... 43-54
               show ip isis summary-address .............................................. 43-59
               ip isis interface ......................................................... 43-61
               ip isis interface status .................................................. 43-62
               ip isis interface interface-type .......................................... 43-63
               ip isis interface csnp-interval ........................................... 43-64
               ip isis interface hello-auth-type ......................................... 43-65
               ip isis interface level-capability ........................................ 43-67
               ip isis interface lsp-pacing-interval ..................................... 43-68
               ip isis interface passive ................................................. 43-70
               ip isis interface retransmit-interval ..................................... 43-71
               ip isis interface default-type ............................................ 43-72
               ip isis interface level hello-auth-type ................................... 43-73
               ip isis interface level hello-interval .................................... 43-75
               ip isis interface level hello-multiplier .................................. 43-76
               ip isis interface level metric ............................................ 43-77
               ip isis interface level passive ........................................... 43-79
               ip isis interface level priority .......................................... 43-80
               show ip isis interface .................................................... 43-82
               clear ip isis adjacency ................................................... 43-86
               clear ip isis lsp-database ................................................ 43-88
               clear ip isis spf-log ..................................................... 43-89
               clear ip isis statistics .................................................. 43-90

Chapter 44 BGP Commands .............................................................. 44-1
               ip load bgp ............................................................... 44-6
               ip bgp status ............................................................. 44-7
               ip bgp unicast ............................................................ 44-8
               ip bgp autonomous-system .................................................. 44-9
               ip bgp bestpath as-path ignore ............................................ 44-10
               ip bgp cluster-id ......................................................... 44-12
               ip bgp default local-preference ........................................... 44-13
               ip bgp fast-external-failover ............................................. 44-15
               ip bgp always-compare-med ................................................. 44-17
               ip bgp bestpath med missing-as-worst ...................................... 44-18
               ip bgp client-to-client reflection ........................................ 44-19
               ip bgp as-origin-interval ................................................. 44-21
               ip bgp synchronization .................................................... 44-22
               ip bgp confederation identifier ........................................... 44-24
               ip bgp maximum-paths ...................................................... 44-25
               ip bgp log-neighbor-changes ............................................... 44-26
               ip bgp dampening .......................................................... 44-27
               ip bgp dampening clear .................................................... 44-30
               ip bgp aggregate-address .................................................. 44-31
               ip bgp aggregate-address status ........................................... 44-33
               ip bgp aggregate-address as-set ........................................... 44-35
               ip bgp aggregate-address community ........................................ 44-37
               ip bgp aggregate-address local-preference ................................. 44-39
               ip bgp aggregate-address metric ........................................... 44-41
               ip bgp aggregate-address summary-only ..................................... 44-43
               ip bgp network ............................................................ 44-45
               ip bgp network status ..................................................... 44-47
               ip bgp network community .................................................. 44-49
               ip bgp network local-preference ........................................... 44-50
               ip bgp network metric ..................................................... 44-52
               ip bgp neighbor ........................................................... 44-54
               ip bgp neighbor status .................................................... 44-55
               ip bgp neighbor advertisement-interval .................................... 44-56
               ip bgp neighbor clear ..................................................... 44-57
               ip bgp neighbor route-reflector-client .................................... 44-59
               ip bgp neighbor default-originate ......................................... 44-60
               ip bgp neighbor timers .................................................... 44-61
               ip bgp neighbor conn-retry-interval ....................................... 44-63
               ip bgp neighbor auto-restart .............................................. 44-65
               ip bgp neighbor maximum-prefix ............................................ 44-67
               ip bgp neighbor md5 key ................................................... 44-69
               ip bgp neighbor ebgp-multihop ............................................. 44-71
               ip bgp neighbor description ............................................... 44-73
               ip bgp neighbor next-hop-self ............................................. 44-74
               ip bgp neighbor passive ................................................... 44-76
               ip bgp neighbor remote-as ................................................. 44-77
               ip bgp neighbor remove-private-as ......................................... 44-79
               ip bgp neighbor soft-reconfiguration ...................................... 44-80
               ip bgp neighbor stats-clear ............................................... 44-82
               ip bgp confederation neighbor ............................................. 44-83
               ip bgp neighbor update-source ............................................. 44-84
               ip bgp neighbor in-aspathlist ............................................. 44-86
               ip bgp neighbor in-communitylist .......................................... 44-87
               ip bgp neighbor in-prefixlist ............................................. 44-88
               ip bgp neighbor in-prefix6list ............................................ 44-89
               ip bgp neighbor out-prefix6list ........................................... 44-90
               ip bgp neighbor out-aspathlist ............................................ 44-91
               ip bgp neighbor out-communitylist ......................................... 44-92
               ip bgp neighbor out-prefixlist ............................................ 44-93
               ip bgp neighbor route-map ................................................. 44-94
               ip bgp neighbor clear soft ................................................ 44-96
               ip bgp policy aspath-list ................................................. 44-97
               ip bgp policy aspath-list action .......................................... 44-100
               ip bgp policy aspath-list priority ........................................ 44-102
               ip bgp policy community-list .............................................. 44-104
               ip bgp policy community-list action ....................................... 44-106
               ip bgp policy community-list match-type ................................... 44-108
               ip bgp policy community-list priority ..................................... 44-110
               ip bgp policy prefix-list ................................................. 44-112
               ip bgp policy prefix-list action .......................................... 44-114
               ip bgp policy prefix-list ge .............................................. 44-115
               ip bgp policy prefix-list le .............................................. 44-117
               ip bgp policy prefix6-list ................................................ 44-119
               ip bgp policy route-map ................................................... 44-121
               ip bgp policy route-map action ............................................ 44-123
               ip bgp policy route-map aspath-list ....................................... 44-124
               ip bgp policy route-map asprepend ......................................... 44-125
               ip bgp policy route-map community ......................................... 44-126
               ip bgp policy route-map community-list .................................... 44-128
               ip bgp policy route-map community-mode .................................... 44-129
               ip bgp policy route-map lpref ............................................. 44-131
               ip bgp policy route-map lpref-mode ........................................ 44-132
               ip bgp policy route-map match-community ................................... 44-134
               ip bgp policy route-map match-mask ........................................ 44-136
               ip bgp policy route-map match-prefix ...................................... 44-137
               ip bgp policy route-map match-regexp ...................................... 44-138
               ip bgp policy route-map med ............................................... 44-140
               ip bgp policy route-map med-mode .......................................... 44-141
               ip bgp policy route-map origin ............................................ 44-143
               ip bgp policy route-map prefix-list ....................................... 44-145
               ip bgp policy route-map weight ............................................ 44-147
               ip bgp policy route-map community-strip ................................... 44-148
               show ip bgp ............................................................... 44-149
               show ip bgp statistics .................................................... 44-152
               show ip bgp dampening ..................................................... 44-154
               show ip bgp dampening-stats ............................................... 44-156
               show ip bgp path .......................................................... 44-158
               show ip bgp routes ........................................................ 44-162
               show ip bgp aggregate-address ............................................. 44-164
               show ip bgp network ....................................................... 44-166
               show ip bgp neighbors ..................................................... 44-168
               show ip bgp neighbors policy .............................................. 44-173
               show ip bgp neighbors ..................................................... 44-175
               show ip bgp neighbors statistics .......................................... 44-177
               show ip bgp policy aspath-list ............................................ 44-182
               show ip bgp policy community-list ......................................... 44-184
               show ip bgp policy prefix-list ............................................ 44-186
               show ip bgp policy prefix6-list ........................................... 44-188
               show ip bgp policy route-map .............................................. 44-190
               ip bgp graceful-restart ................................................... 44-193
               ip bgp graceful-restart restart-interval .................................. 44-194
               ipv6 bgp unicast .......................................................... 44-195
               ip bgp neighbor activate-ipv6 ............................................. 44-196
               ip bgp neighbor ipv6-nexthop .............................................. 44-197
               show ipv6 bgp path ........................................................ 44-198
               show ipv6 bgp routes ...................................................... 44-203
               ipv6 bgp network .......................................................... 44-205
               ipv6 bgp network community ................................................ 44-206
               ipv6 bgp network local-preference ......................................... 44-208
               ipv6 bgp network metric ................................................... 44-210
               ipv6 bgp network status ................................................... 44-212
               show ipv6 bgp network ..................................................... 44-213
               ipv6 bgp neighbor ......................................................... 44-215
               ipv6 bgp neighbor clear soft .............................................. 44-217
               ipv6 bgp neighbor soft-reconfiguration .................................... 44-218
               ipv6 bgp neighbor in-prefix6list .......................................... 44-220
               ipv6 bgp neighbor out-prefix6list ......................................... 44-221
               ipv6 bgp neighbor activate-ipv6 ........................................... 44-222
               ipv6 bgp neighbor ipv6-nexthop ............................................ 44-223
               ipv6 bgp neighbor status .................................................. 44-224
               ipv6 bgp neighbor remote-as ............................................... 44-225
               ipv6 bgp neighbor timers .................................................. 44-226
               ipv6 bgp neighbor maximum-prefix .......................................... 44-228
               ipv6 bgp neighbor next-hop-self ........................................... 44-230
               ipv6 bgp neighbor conn-retry-interval ..................................... 44-231
               ipv6 bgp neighbor default-originate ....................................... 44-232
               ipv6 bgp neighbor update-source ........................................... 44-233
               ipv6 bgp neighbor ipv4-nexthop ............................................ 44-234
               show ipv6 bgp neighbors ................................................... 44-235
               show ipv6 bgp neighbors statistics ........................................ 44-240
               show ipv6 bgp neighbors timers ............................................ 44-245
               show ipv6 bgp neighbors policy ............................................ 44-247

Chapter 45 PIM Commands .............................................................. 45-1
               ip load pim ............................................................... 45-3
               ip pim sparse status ...................................................... 45-5
               ip pim dense status ....................................................... 45-6
               ip pim ssm group .......................................................... 45-7
               ip pim dense group ........................................................ 45-9
               ip pim cbsr ............................................................... 45-11
               ip pim static-rp .......................................................... 45-13
               ip pim candidate-rp ....................................................... 45-15
               ip pim rp-threshold ....................................................... 45-17
               ip pim keepalive-period ................................................... 45-18
               ip pim max-rps ............................................................ 45-20
               ip pim probe-time ......................................................... 45-22
               ip pim register checksum .................................................. 45-23
               ip pim register-suppress-timeout .......................................... 45-24
               ip pim spt status ......................................................... 45-25
               ip pim state-refresh-interval ............................................. 45-26
               ip pim state-refresh-limit ................................................ 45-27
               ip pim state-refresh-ttl .................................................. 45-28
               ip pim interface .......................................................... 45-29
               ip pim neighbor-loss-notification-period .................................. 45-32
               ip pim invalid-register-notification-period ............................... 45-33
               ip pim invalid-joinprune-notification-period .............................. 45-34
               ip pim rp-mapping-notification-period ..................................... 45-35
               ip pim interface-election-notification-period ............................. 45-36
               show ip pim sparse ........................................................ 45-37
               show ip pim dense ......................................................... 45-40
               show ip pim ssm group ..................................................... 45-42
               show ip pim dense group ................................................... 45-44
               show ip pim neighbor ...................................................... 45-46
               show ip pim candidate-rp .................................................. 45-49
               show ip pim group-map ..................................................... 45-51
               show ip pim interface ..................................................... 45-53
               show ip pim static-rp ..................................................... 45-57
               show ip pim cbsr .......................................................... 45-59
               show ip pim bsr ........................................................... 45-61
               show ip pim notifications ................................................. 45-63
               show ip pim groute ........................................................ 45-66
               show ip pim sgroute ....................................................... 45-70
               ipv6 pim sparse status .................................................... 45-75
               ipv6 pim dense status ..................................................... 45-76
               ipv6 pim ssm group ........................................................ 45-77
               ipv6 pim dense group ...................................................... 45-79
               ipv6 pim cbsr ............................................................. 45-81
               ipv6 pim static-rp ........................................................ 45-83
               ipv6 pim candidate-rp ..................................................... 45-85
               ipv6 pim rp-switchover .................................................... 45-87
               ipv6 pim spt status ....................................................... 45-88
               ipv6 pim interface ........................................................ 45-89
               show ipv6 pim sparse ...................................................... 45-92
               show ipv6 pim dense ....................................................... 45-94
               show ipv6 pim ssm group ................................................... 45-96
               show ipv6 pim dense group ................................................. 45-98
               show ipv6 pim interface ................................................... 45-100
               show ipv6 pim neighbor .................................................... 45-104
               show ipv6 pim static-rp ................................................... 45-108
               show ipv6 pim group-map ................................................... 45-110
               show ipv6 pim candidate-rp ................................................ 45-112
               show ipv6 pim cbsr ........................................................ 45-114
               show ipv6 pim bsr ......................................................... 45-116
               show ipv6 pim groute ...................................................... 45-118
               show ipv6 pim sgroute ..................................................... 45-122

Chapter 46 DVMRP Commands ............................................................ 46-1
               ip load dvmrp ............................................................. 46-2
               ip dvmrp status ........................................................... 46-3
               ip dvmrp flash-interval ................................................... 46-5
               ip dvmrp graft-timeout .................................................... 46-6
               ip dvmrp interface ........................................................ 46-7
               ip dvmrp interface metric ................................................. 46-8
               ip dvmrp neighbor-interval ................................................ 46-9
               ip dvmrp neighbor-timeout ................................................. 46-10
               ip dvmrp prune-lifetime ................................................... 46-11
               ip dvmrp prune-timeout .................................................... 46-12
               ip dvmrp report-interval .................................................. 46-13
               ip dvmrp route-holddown ................................................... 46-14
               ip dvmrp route-timeout .................................................... 46-15
               ip dvmrp subord-default ................................................... 46-16
               ip dvmrp tunnel ........................................................... 46-18
               ip dvmrp tunnel ttl ....................................................... 46-20
               ip dvmrp debug-level ...................................................... 46-22
               ip dvmrp debug-type ....................................................... 46-23
               show ip dvmrp ............................................................. 46-25
               show ip dvmrp interface ................................................... 46-28
               show ip dvmrp neighbor .................................................... 46-30
               show ip dvmrp nexthop ..................................................... 46-32
               show ip dvmrp prune ....................................................... 46-34
               show ip dvmrp route ....................................................... 46-36
               show ip dvmrp tunnel ...................................................... 46-38
               show ip dvmrp debug ....................................................... 46-40

Chapter 47 Multicast Routing Commands ................................................ 47-1
               ip mroute-boundary ........................................................ 47-3
               ipv6 mroute-boundary ...................................................... 47-5
               ip mroute interface ttl ................................................... 47-6
               ipv6 mroute interface ttl ................................................. 47-7
               show ip mroute-boundary ................................................... 47-8
               show ipv6 mroute-boundary ................................................. 47-10
               show ip mroute ............................................................ 47-12
               show ipv6 mroute .......................................................... 47-14
               show ip mroute interface .................................................. 47-16
               show ipv6 mroute interface ................................................ 47-18
               show ip mroute-nexthop .................................................... 47-20
               show ipv6 mroute-nexthop .................................................. 47-22

Chapter 48 Port Mirroring and Monitoring Commands .................................... 48-1
               port mirroring source destination ......................................... 48-2
               port mirroring ............................................................ 48-5
               port monitoring source .................................................... 48-7
               port monitoring ........................................................... 48-10
               show port mirroring status ................................................ 48-11
               show port monitoring status ............................................... 48-14
               show port monitoring file ................................................. 48-16

Chapter 49 RMON Commands ............................................................. 49-1
               rmon probes ............................................................... 49-2
               show rmon probes .......................................................... 49-4
               show rmon events .......................................................... 49-7

Chapter 50 Health Monitoring Commands ................................................ 50-1
               health threshold .......................................................... 50-2
               health interval ........................................................... 50-4
               health statistics reset ................................................... 50-5
               show health threshold ..................................................... 50-6
               show health interval ...................................................... 50-8
               show health ............................................................... 50-9
               show health all ........................................................... 50-11
               show health slice ......................................................... 50-13
               show health fabric ........................................................ 50-15

Chapter 51 sFlow Commands ............................................................ 51-1
               sflow agent ............................................................... 51-3
               sflow receiver ............................................................ 51-4
               sflow sampler ............................................................. 51-6
               sflow poller .............................................................. 51-8
               show sflow agent .......................................................... 51-10
               show sflow receiver ....................................................... 51-12
               show sflow sampler ........................................................ 51-14
               show sflow poller ......................................................... 51-16

Chapter 52 QoS Commands ............................................................... 52-1
               qos ........................................................................ 52-3
               qos trust ports ............................................................ 52-5
               qos default servicing mode ................................................. 52-7
               qos forward log ............................................................ 52-9
               qos log console ............................................................ 52-10
               qos log lines .............................................................. 52-11
               qos log level .............................................................. 52-12
               qos default bridged disposition ............................................ 52-14
               qos default routed disposition ............................................. 52-16
               qos default multicast disposition .......................................... 52-17
               qos stats interval ......................................................... 52-18
               qos nms priority ........................................................... 52-19
               qos phones ................................................................. 52-21
               qos user-port .............................................................. 52-23
               qos quarantine mac-group ................................................... 52-26
               qos quarantine path ........................................................ 52-28
               qos quarantine page ........................................................ 52-29
               debug qos .................................................................. 52-30
               debug qos internal ......................................................... 52-32
               qos clear log .............................................................. 52-34
               qos apply .................................................................. 52-35
               qos revert ................................................................. 52-36
               qos flush .................................................................. 52-37
               qos reset .................................................................. 52-39
               qos stats reset ............................................................ 52-40
               qos port reset ............................................................. 52-41
               qos port ................................................................... 52-42
               qos port trusted ........................................................... 52-44
               qos port servicing mode .................................................... 52-46
               qos port q minbw maxbw ..................................................... 52-48
               qos port maximum egress-bandwidth .......................................... 52-50
               qos port maximum ingress-bandwidth ......................................... 52-52
               qos port default 802.1p .................................................... 52-54
               qos port default dscp ...................................................... 52-56
               qos port default classification ............................................ 52-58
               show qos port .............................................................. 52-60
               show qos queue ............................................................. 52-62
               show qos slice ............................................................. 52-65
               show qos log ............................................................... 52-67
               show qos config ............................................................ 52-69
               show qos statistics ........................................................ 52-72

Chapter 53 QoS Policy Commands ......................................................... 53-1
               aclman ...................................................................... 53-5
               policy rule ................................................................. 53-6
               policy validity period ...................................................... 53-10
               policy list ................................................................. 53-13
               policy network group ........................................................ 53-15
               policy service group ........................................................ 53-17
               policy mac group ............................................................ 53-19
               policy port group ........................................................... 53-21
               policy map group ............................................................ 53-23
               policy service .............................................................. 53-25
               policy service protocol ..................................................... 53-28
               policy service source tcp port .............................................. 53-30
               policy service destination tcp port ......................................... 53-32
               policy service source udp port .............................................. 53-34
               policy service destination udp port ......................................... 53-36
               policy condition ............................................................ 53-38
               policy condition source ip .................................................. 53-43
               policy condition source ipv6 ................................................ 53-45
               policy condition destination ip ............................................. 53-47
               policy condition destination ipv6 ........................................... 53-49
               policy condition multicast ip ............................................... 53-51
               policy condition source network group ....................................... 53-53
               policy condition destination network group .................................. 53-55
               policy condition multicast network group .................................... 53-57
               policy condition source ip port ............................................. 53-59
               policy condition destination ip port ........................................ 53-61
               policy condition source tcp port ............................................ 53-63
               policy condition destination tcp port ....................................... 53-65
               policy condition source udp port ............................................ 53-67
               policy condition destination udp port ....................................... 53-69
               policy condition ethertype .................................................. 53-71
               policy condition established ................................................ 53-73
               policy condition tcpflags ................................................... 53-75
               policy condition service .................................................... 53-77
               policy condition service group .............................................. 53-78
               policy condition icmptype ................................................... 53-80
               policy condition icmpcode ................................................... 53-82
               policy condition ip protocol ................................................ 53-84
               policy condition ipv6 ....................................................... 53-86
               policy condition nh ......................................................... 53-88
               policy condition flow-label ................................................. 53-90
               policy condition tos ........................................................ 53-92
               policy condition dscp ....................................................... 53-94
               policy condition source mac ................................................. 53-96
               policy condition destination mac ............................................ 53-98
               policy condition source mac group ........................................... 53-100
               policy condition destination mac group ...................................... 53-102
               policy condition source vlan ................................................ 53-104
               policy condition inner source vlan .......................................... 53-106
               policy condition destination vlan ........................................... 53-108
               policy condition 802.1p ..................................................... 53-110
               policy condition inner 802.1p ............................................... 53-112
               policy condition source port ................................................ 53-114
               policy condition destination port ........................................... 53-116
               policy condition source port group .......................................... 53-118
               policy condition destination port group ..................................... 53-120
               policy condition vrf ........................................................ 53-122
               policy action ............................................................... 53-124
               policy action disposition ................................................... 53-127
               policy action shared ........................................................ 53-129
               policy action priority ...................................................... 53-131
               policy action maximum bandwidth ............................................. 53-133
               policy action maximum depth ................................................. 53-135
               policy action tos ........................................................... 53-137
               policy action 802.1p ........................................................ 53-139
               policy action dscp .......................................................... 53-141
               policy action map ........................................................... 53-143
               policy action permanent gateway ip .......................................... 53-145
               policy action port-disable .................................................. 53-147
               policy action redirect port ................................................. 53-149
               policy action redirect linkagg .............................................. 53-151
               policy action no-cache ...................................................... 53-153
               policy action mirror ........................................................ 53-154
               show policy classify ........................................................ 53-156
               show policy classify source port ............................................ 53-159
               show policy classify destination port ....................................... 53-161
               show policy classify source mac ............................................. 53-163
               show policy classify destination mac ........................................ 53-165
               show policy classify source vlan ............................................ 53-167
               show policy classify destination vlan ....................................... 53-169
               show policy classify source interface type .................................. 53-171
               show policy classify destination interface type ............................. 53-173
               show policy classify 802.1p ................................................. 53-175
               show policy classify source ip .............................................. 53-176
               show policy classify destination ip ......................................... 53-178
               show policy classify multicast ip ........................................... 53-180
               show policy classify tos .................................................... 53-182
               show policy classify dscp ................................................... 53-184
               show policy classify ip protocol ............................................ 53-186
               show policy classify source ip port ......................................... 53-188
               show policy classify destination ip port .................................... 53-190
               show policy network group ................................................... 53-192
               show policy service ......................................................... 53-194
               show policy service group ................................................... 53-196
               show policy mac group ....................................................... 53-198
               show policy port group ...................................................... 53-200
               show policy map group ....................................................... 53-202
               show policy action .......................................................... 53-204
               show policy condition ....................................................... 53-207
               show active policy rule ..................................................... 53-210
               show policy rule ............................................................ 53-213
               show policy validity period ................................................. 53-216
               show active policy list ..................................................... 53-218
               show policy list ............................................................ 53-220

Chapter 54 Policy Server Commands ...................................................... 54-1
               policy server load .......................................................... 54-2
               policy server flush ......................................................... 54-3
               policy server ............................................................... 54-4
               show policy server .......................................................... 54-6
               show policy server long ..................................................... 54-8
               show policy server statistics ............................................... 54-10
               show policy server rules .................................................... 54-12
               show policy server events ................................................... 54-14

Chapter 55 IP Multicast Switching Commands ............................................. 55-1
               ip multicast status ......................................................... 55-3
               ip multicast flood-unknown .................................................. 55-5
               ip multicast querier-forwarding ............................................. 55-7
               ip multicast version ........................................................ 55-9
               ip multicast max-group ...................................................... 55-11
               ip multicast vlan max-group ................................................. 55-13
               ip multicast port max-group ................................................. 55-15
               ip multicast static-neighbor ................................................ 55-17
               ip multicast static-querier ................................................. 55-19
               ip multicast static-group ................................................... 55-21
               ip multicast query-interval ................................................. 55-23
               ip multicast last-member-query-interval ..................................... 55-25
               ip multicast query-response-interval ........................................ 55-27
               ip multicast unsolicited-report-interval .................................... 55-29
               ip multicast router-timeout ................................................. 55-31
               ip multicast source-timeout ................................................. 55-33
               ip multicast querying ....................................................... 55-35
               ip multicast robustness ..................................................... 55-37
               ip multicast spoofing ....................................................... 55-39
               ip multicast zapping ........................................................ 55-41
               ip multicast proxying ....................................................... 55-43
               ip multicast helper-address ................................................. 55-45
               ipv6 multicast status ....................................................... 55-46
               ipv6 multicast querier-forwarding ........................................... 55-48
               ipv6 multicast version ...................................................... 55-50
               ipv6 multicast max-group .................................................... 55-52
               ipv6 multicast vlan max-group ............................................... 55-54
               ipv6 multicast port max-group ............................................... 55-56
               ipv6 multicast static-neighbor .............................................. 55-58
               ipv6 multicast static-querier ............................................... 55-60
               ipv6 multicast static-group ................................................. 55-62
               ipv6 multicast query-interval ............................................... 55-64
               ipv6 multicast last-member-query-interval ................................... 55-66
               ipv6 multicast query-response-interval ...................................... 55-68
               ipv6 multicast unsolicited-report-interval .................................. 55-70
               ipv6 multicast router-timeout ............................................... 55-72
               ipv6 multicast source-timeout ............................................... 55-74
               ipv6 multicast querying ..................................................... 55-76
               ipv6 multicast robustness ................................................... 55-78
               ipv6 multicast spoofing ..................................................... 55-80
               ipv6 multicast zapping ...................................................... 55-82
               ipv6 multicast proxying ..................................................... 55-84
               show ip multicast ........................................................... 55-86
               show ip multicast port ...................................................... 55-91
               show ip multicast forward ................................................... 55-94
               show ip multicast neighbor .................................................. 55-96
               show ip multicast querier ................................................... 55-98
               show ip multicast group ..................................................... 55-100
               show ip multicast source .................................................... 55-102
               show ip multicast tunnel .................................................... 55-104
               show ipv6 multicast ......................................................... 55-106
               show ipv6 multicast port .................................................... 55-111
               show ipv6 multicast forward ................................................. 55-113
               show ipv6 multicast neighbor ................................................ 55-115
               show ipv6 multicast querier ................................................. 55-117
               show ipv6 multicast group ................................................... 55-119
               show ipv6 multicast source .................................................. 55-121
               show ipv6 multicast tunnel .................................................. 55-123

Chapter 56 IP Multicast VLAN Commands .................................................. 56-1
               vlan ipmvlan ................................................................ 56-2
               vlan ipmvlan ctag ........................................................... 56-4
               vlan ipmvlan address ........................................................ 56-6
               vlan ipmvlan sender-port .................................................... 56-8
               vlan ipmvlan receiver-port .................................................. 56-10
               show vlan ipmvlan c-tag ..................................................... 56-12
               show vlan ipmvlan address ................................................... 56-13
               show vlan ipmvlan port-config ............................................... 56-15
               show ipmvlan port-config .................................................... 56-17

Chapter 57 Server Load Balancing Commands .............................................. 57-1
               ip slb admin ................................................................ 57-2
               ip slb reset statistics ..................................................... 57-3
               ip slb cluster .............................................................. 57-4
               ip slb cluster admin status ................................................. 57-6
               ip slb cluster ping period .................................................. 57-7
               ip slb cluster ping timeout ................................................. 57-9
               ip slb cluster ping retries ................................................. 57-11
               ip slb cluster probe ........................................................ 57-12
               ip slb server ip cluster .................................................... 57-13
               ip slb server ip cluster probe .............................................. 57-15
               ip slb probe ................................................................ 57-16
               ip slb probe timeout ........................................................ 57-18
               ip slb probe period ......................................................... 57-20
               ip slb probe port ........................................................... 57-22
               ip slb probe retries ........................................................ 57-24
               ip slb probe username ....................................................... 57-26
               ip slb probe password ....................................................... 57-27
               ip slb probe url ............................................................ 57-28
               ip slb probe status ......................................................... 57-29
               ip slb probe send ........................................................... 57-30
               ip slb probe expect ......................................................... 57-31
               show ip slb ................................................................. 57-32
               show ip slb clusters ........................................................ 57-34
               show ip slb cluster ......................................................... 57-36
               show ip slb cluster server .................................................. 57-39
               show ip slb servers ......................................................... 57-42
               show ip slb probes .......................................................... 57-44

Chapter 58 AAA Commands ................................................................ 58-1
               aaa radius-server ........................................................... 58-4
               aaa radius agent preferred .................................................. 58-7
               aaa tacacs-server ........................................................... 58-8
               aaa ldap-server ............................................................. 58-10
               aaa ace-server clear ........................................................ 58-13
               aaa authentication vlan single-mode ......................................... 58-14
               aaa authentication vlan multiple-mode ....................................... 58-16
               aaa vlan no ................................................................. 58-18
               aaa avlan dns ............................................................... 58-19
               aaa avlan default dhcp ...................................................... 58-20
               aaa authentication .......................................................... 58-21
               aaa authentication default .................................................. 58-24
               aaa authentication 802.1x ................................................... 58-26
               aaa authentication mac ...................................................... 58-28
               aaa accounting 802.1x ....................................................... 58-30
               aaa accounting vlan ......................................................... 58-32
               aaa accounting session ...................................................... 58-34
               aaa accounting command ...................................................... 58-36
               avlan default-traffic ....................................................... 58-38
               avlan port-bound ............................................................ 58-40
               avlan auth-ip ............................................................... 58-42
               aaa avlan http language ..................................................... 58-44
               user ........................................................................ 58-45
               password .................................................................... 58-49
               user password-size min ...................................................... 58-51
               user password-expiration .................................................... 58-52
               user password-policy cannot-contain-username ................................ 58-54
               user password-policy min-uppercase .......................................... 58-55
               user password-policy min-lowercase .......................................... 58-56
               user password-policy min-digit .............................................. 58-57
               user password-policy min-nonalpha ........................................... 58-58
               user password-history ....................................................... 58-59
               user password-min-age ....................................................... 58-60
               user lockout-window ......................................................... 58-61
               user lockout-threshold ...................................................... 58-63
               user lockout-duration ....................................................... 58-65
               user lockout unlock ......................................................... 58-67
               aaa admin-logout ............................................................ 58-68
               end-user profile ............................................................ 58-70
               end-user profile port-list .................................................. 58-72
               end-user profile vlan-range ................................................. 58-74
               aaa user-network-profile .................................................... 58-76
               aaa classification-rule mac-address ......................................... 58-78
               aaa classification-rule mac-address-range ................................... 58-80
               aaa classification-rule ip-address .......................................... 58-82
               aaa hic server-name ......................................................... 58-84
               aaa hic allowed-name ........................................................ 58-86
               aaa hic ..................................................................... 58-88
               aaa hic web-agent-url ....................................................... 58-90
               aaa hic custom-proxy-port ................................................... 58-91
               show aaa server ............................................................. 58-92
               show aaa authentication vlan ................................................ 58-95
               show aaa authentication ..................................................... 58-97
               show aaa authentication 802.1x .............................................. 58-99
               show aaa authentication mac ................................................. 58-101
               show aaa accounting 802.1x .................................................. 58-102
               show aaa accounting vlan .................................................... 58-103
               show aaa accounting ......................................................... 58-105
               show user ................................................................... 58-107
               show user password-size ..................................................... 58-111
               show user password-expiration ............................................... 58-112
               show user password-policy ................................................... 58-113
               show user lockout-setting ................................................... 58-115
               show avlan user ............................................................. 58-117
               show aaa avlan config ....................................................... 58-119
               show aaa avlan auth-ip ...................................................... 58-121
               debug command-info .......................................................... 58-123
               debug end-user profile ...................................................... 58-125
               show end-user profile ....................................................... 58-127
               show aaa user-network-profile ............................................... 58-129
               show aaa classification-rule ................................................ 58-131
               show aaa hic ................................................................ 58-133
               show aaa hic host ........................................................... 58-135
               show aaa hic server ......................................................... 58-137
               show aaa hic allowed ........................................................ 58-139
               show aaa priv hexa .......................................................... 58-141
               show aaa-device all-users ................................................... 58-144
               show aaa-device supplicant-users ............................................ 58-147
               show aaa-device non-supplicant-users ........................................ 58-150
               show aaa-device captive-portal-users ........................................ 58-153

Chapter 59 802.1X Commands ............................................................. 59-1
               802.1x ...................................................................... 59-2
               802.1x initialize ........................................................... 59-5
               802.1x re-authenticate ...................................................... 59-6
               802.1x supp-polling retry ................................................... 59-7
               802.1x supplicant policy authentication ..................................... 59-9
               802.1x non-supplicant policy authentication ................................. 59-12
               802.1x non-supplicant policy ................................................ 59-15
               802.1x policy default ....................................................... 59-17
               802.1x captive-portal policy authentication ................................. 59-19
               802.1x captive-portal session-limit ......................................... 59-21
               802.1x captive-portal retry-count ........................................... 59-23
               802.1x captive-portal address ............................................... 59-25
               802.1x captive-portal proxy-server-url ...................................... 59-26
               802.1x auth-server-down ..................................................... 59-27
               802.1x auth-server-down policy .............................................. 59-28
               802.1x auth-server-down re-authperiod ....................................... 59-29
               show 802.1x ................................................................. 59-30
               show 802.1x users ........................................................... 59-33
               show 802.1x statistics ...................................................... 59-35
               show 802.1x device classification policies .................................. 59-37
               show 802.1x non-supplicant .................................................. 59-39
               show 802.1x auth-server-down ................................................ 59-41
               show 802.1x captive-portal configuration .................................... 59-44

Chapter 60 Switch Logging Commands ..................................................... 60-1
               swlog ....................................................................... 60-2
               swlog swlog-facility-id ..................................................... 60-3
               swlog appid level ........................................................... 60-5
               swlog remote command-log .................................................... 60-8
               swlog output ................................................................ 60-9
               swlog output flash file-size ................................................ 60-11
               swlog clear ................................................................. 60-12
               show log swlog .............................................................. 60-13
               show swlog .................................................................. 60-16

Chapter 61 Network Security Commands ................................................... 61-1
               netsec group port ........................................................... 61-2
               netsec group anomaly ........................................................ 61-4
               show netsec summary ......................................................... 61-7
               show netsec traffic ......................................................... 61-10
               show netsec statistics ...................................................... 61-13
               show netsec config .......................................................... 61-16
               show netsec operation ....................................................... 61-18
               show netsec group port ...................................................... 61-21

Appendix A Software License and Copyright Statements ................................... A-1

               Alcatel-Lucent License Agreement ............................................ A-1
                   ALCATEL-LUCENT SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT ................................ A-1

               Third Party Licenses and Notices ............................................ A-4
                   A. Booting and Debugging Non-Proprietary Software ........................ A-4
                   B. The OpenLDAP Public License: Version 2.8, 17 August 2003 .............. A-4
                   C. Linux ................................................................. A-5
                   D. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE: Version 2, June 1991 ...................... A-5
                   E. University of California .............................................. A-10
                   F. Carnegie-Mellon University ............................................ A-10
                   G. Random.c .............................................................. A-10
                   H. Apptitude, Inc. ....................................................... A-11
                   I. Agranat ............................................................... A-11
                   J. RSA Security Inc. ..................................................... A-11
                   K. Sun Microsystems, Inc. ................................................ A-12
                   L. Wind River Systems, Inc. .............................................. A-12
                   M. Network Time Protocol Version 4 ....................................... A-12
                   N. Remote-ni ............................................................. A-13
                   O. GNU Zip ............................................................... A-13
                   P. FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR SOFTWARE LICENSE
                       AGREEMENT ............................................................. A-13
                   Q. Boost C++ Libraries ................................................... A-14
                   R. U-Boot ................................................................ A-14
                   S. Solaris ............................................................... A-14
                   T. Internet Protocol Version 6 ........................................... A-14
                   U. CURSES ................................................................ A-15
                   V. ZModem ................................................................ A-15
                   W. Boost Software License ................................................ A-15
                   X. OpenLDAP .............................................................. A-15
                   Y. BITMAP.C .............................................................. A-16
                   Z. University of Toronto ................................................. A-16
                   AA.Free/OpenBSD .......................................................... A-16

               CLI Quick Reference

               Index ....................................................................... Index-1

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

OmniSwitch AOS Realease 6 Switch Management Guide

BLUEDAY™ — Mon, 07 Jun 2010 09:39:00 +0900

OmniSwitch 6400 - Switch Management Guide.pdf

About This Guide ................................................. xiii

                  Supported Platforms .............................................. xiii

                  Who Should Read this Manual? ..................................... xiv

                  When Should I Read this Manual? .................................. xiv

                  What is in this Manual? .......................................... xiv

                  What is Not in this Manual? ...................................... xv

                  How is the Information Organized?................................. xv

                  Documentation Roadmap ............................................ xvi

                  Related Documentation ............................................ xviii

                  User Manual CD ................................................... xx

                  Technical Support ................................................ xx

Chapter 1 Managing System Files ................................................ 1-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 1-1

                  File Management Specifications ................................... 1-2

                  Switch Administration Overview ................................... 1-3
                      File Transfer ................................................. 1-3
                      Switch Directories ............................................ 1-4

                  File and Directory Management .................................... 1-5
                      Using Wildcards ............................................... 1-7
                          Multiple Characters ........................................ 1-7
                          Single Characters .......................................... 1-7
                      Directory Commands ............................................ 1-8
                          Determining Your Location in the File Structure ............ 1-8
                          Changing Directories ....................................... 1-9
                          Displaying Directory Contents .............................. 1-10
                          Making a New Directory ..................................... 1-11
                          Displaying Directory Contents Including Subdirectories ..... 1-12
                          Copying an Existing Directory .............................. 1-12
                          Removing a Directory and its Contents ...................... 1-13
                      File Commands ................................................. 1-14
                          Creating or Modifying Files ................................ 1-14
                          Copy an Existing File ...................................... 1-14
                      Secure Copy an Existing File .................................. 1-15
                          Move an Existing File or Directory ......................... 1-15
                          Change File Attribute and Permissions ...................... 1-16
                          Delete an Existing File .................................... 1-16
                          Managing Files on Switches ................................. 1-17
                      Utility Commands .............................................. 1-18
                          Displaying Free Memory Space ............................... 1-18
                          Performing a File System Check ............................. 1-18
                          Deleting the Entire File System ............................ 1-19

                  Loading Software onto the Switch ................................. 1-20
                      Using the Switch as an FTP Server ............................. 1-20
                      Using the Switch as an FTP Client ............................. 1-21
                      Using Secure Shell FTP ........................................ 1-23
                      Closing a Secure Shell FTP Session ............................ 1-24
                      Using TFTP to Transfer Files .................................. 1-25
                      Using Zmodem .................................................. 1-25

                  Registering Software Image Files ................................. 1-27
                      Directories on the Switch ..................................... 1-27
                      Available Image Files ......................................... 1-28

                  Application Examples for File Management ......................... 1-30
                      Transferring a File to the Switch Using FTP ................... 1-30
                      Creating a File Directory on the Switch ....................... 1-31
                          FTP Client Application Example ............................. 1-32
                      Creating a File Directory Using Secure Shell FTP .............. 1-34
                      Transfer a File Using Secure Shell FTP ........................ 1-35
                      Closing a Secure Shell FTP Session ............................ 1-35

                  Verifying Directory Contents ..................................... 1-36

                  Setting the System Clock ......................................... 1-37
                      Setting Date and Time ......................................... 1-37
                          Date ....................................................... 1-37
                          Time Zone .................................................. 1-37
                          Time ....................................................... 1-38
                      Daylight Savings Time Configuration ........................... 1-39
                          Enabling DST ............................................... 1-40

Chapter 2 Logging Into the Switch .............................................. 2-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 2-1

                  Login Specifications ............................................. 2-2

                  Login Defaults ................................................... 2-2

                  Quick Steps for Logging Into the Switch .......................... 2-4

                  Overview of Switch Login Components .............................. 2-5
                      Management Interfaces ......................................... 2-5
                          Logging Into the CLI ....................................... 2-5
                          Using the WebView Management Tool .......................... 2-6
                          Using SNMP to Manage the Switch ............................ 2-6
                      User Accounts ................................................. 2-6

                  Using Telnet ..................................................... 2-7
                      Logging Into the Switch Via Telnet ............................ 2-7
                      Starting a Telnet Session from the Switch ..................... 2-7

                  Using FTP ........................................................ 2-9
                      Using FTP to Log Into the Switch .............................. 2-9

                  Using Secure Shell ............................................... 2-11
                      Secure Shell Components ....................................... 2-11
                          Secure Shell Interface ..................................... 2-11
                          Secure Shell File Transfer Protocol ........................ 2-11
                      Secure Shell Application Overview ............................. 2-13
                      Secure Shell Authentication ................................... 2-14
                          Protocol Identification .................................... 2-14
                          Algorithm and Key Exchange ................................. 2-14
                          Authentication Phase ....................................... 2-14
                          Connection Phase ........................................... 2-15
                      Using Secure Shell DSA Public Key Authentication .............. 2-15
                      Starting a Secure Shell Session ............................... 2-15
                      Closing a Secure Shell Session ................................ 2-17
                      Log Into the Switch with Secure Shell FTP ..................... 2-17
                      Closing a Secure Shell FTP Session ............................ 2-19

                  Modifying the Login Banner ....................................... 2-20
                      Modifying the Text Display Before Login ....................... 2-21

                  Configuring Login Parameters ..................................... 2-22

                  Configuring the Inactivity Timer ................................. 2-22

                  Enabling the DNS Resolver ........................................ 2-23

                  Verifying Login Settings ......................................... 2-24

Chapter 3 Configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP) .............................. 3-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 3-1

                  NTP Specifications ............................................... 3-2

                  NTP Defaults Table ............................................... 3-2

                  NTP Quick Steps .................................................. 3-3

                  NTP Overview ..................................................... 3-5
                      Stratum ....................................................... 3-6
                      Using NTP in a Network ........................................ 3-6
                      Authentication ................................................ 3-8

                  Configuring NTP .................................................. 3-9
                      Configuring the OmniSwitch as a Client ........................ 3-9
                      NTP Servers ................................................... 3-10
                      Using Authentication .......................................... 3-12

                   Verifying NTP Configuration ..................................... 3-13

Chapter 4 Managing CMM Directory Content ...................................... 4-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 4-1

                  CMM Specifications ............................................... 4-3

                  CMM Files ........................................................ 4-4
                      CMM Software Directory Structure .............................. 4-4
                          Where is the Switch Running From? .......................... 4-5
                      Software Rollback Feature ..................................... 4-5
                          Software Rollback Configuration Scenarios for a Single Switch

                          ............................................................ 4-6
                      Redundancy .................................................... 4-10
                          Redundancy Scenarios ....................................... 4-10

                  Managing the Directory Structure (Non-Redundant) ................. 4-14
                      Rebooting the Switch .......................................... 4-14
                      Copying the Running Configuration to the Working Directory .... 4-17
                      Rebooting from the Working Directory .......................... 4-19
                      Copying the Working Directory to the Certified Directory ...... 4-22
                      Copying the Certified Directory to the Working Directory ...... 4-23
                      Show Currently Used Configuration ............................. 4-24
                      Show Switch Files ............................................. 4-25

                  Managing Redundancy in a Stack and CMM ........................... 4-26
                      Rebooting the Switch .......................................... 4-26
                      Copying the Working Directory to the Certified Directory ...... 4-27
                      Synchronizing the Primary and Secondary CMMs .................. 4-28
                      CMM Switching Fabric .......................................... 4-29
                      Swapping the Primary CMM for the Secondary CMM ................ 4-30
                      Show Currently Used Configuration ............................. 4-31

                  Emergency Restore of the boot.cfg File ........................... 4-32
                      Can I Restore the boot.file While Running from Certified? ..... 4-32

                  Displaying CMM Conditions ........................................ 4-33

Chapter 5 Using the CLI ........................................................ 5-1

                  CLI Specifications ............................................... 5-2

                  CLI Overview ..................................................... 5-2
                      Online Configuration .......................................... 5-2
                      Offline Configuration Using Configuration Files ............... 5-3

                  Command Entry Rules and Syntax ................................... 5-3
                      Text Conventions .............................................. 5-3
                      Using “Show” Commands .......................................... 5-4
                      Using the “No” Form ............................................ 5-4
                      Using “Alias” Commands ......................................... 5-4
                      Partial Keyword Completion .................................... 5-5

                  Command Help ..................................................... 5-5
                      Tutorial for Building a Command Using Help .................... 5-7

                  CLI Services ..................................................... 5-9
                      Command Line Editing .......................................... 5-9
                          Deleting Characters ........................................ 5-9
                          Recalling the Previous Command Line ........................ 5-10
                          Inserting Characters ....................................... 5-10
                      Syntax Checking ............................................... 5-11
                      Prefix Recognition ............................................ 5-11
                          Example for Using Prefix Recognition ....................... 5-12
                          Prefix Prompt .............................................. 5-13
                          Command History ............................................ 5-13

                  Logging CLI Commands and Entry Results ........................... 5-15
                          Enabling Command Logging ................................... 5-15
                          Disabling Command Logging .................................. 5-15
                          Viewing the Current Command Logging Status ................. 5-16
                          Viewing Logged CLI Commands and Command Entry Results ...... 5-16

                  Customizing the Screen Display ................................... 5-17
                      Changing the Screen Size ...................................... 5-17
                      Changing the CLI Prompt ....................................... 5-17
                      Displaying Table Information .................................. 5-18
                      Filtering Table Information ................................... 5-19

                  Multiple User Sessions ........................................... 5-20
                      Listing Other User Sessions ................................... 5-20
                      Listing Your Current Login Session ............................ 5-21
                      Terminating Another Session ................................... 5-22

                  Application Example .............................................. 5-23
                      Using a Wildcard to Filter Table Information .................. 5-23

                  Verifying CLI Usage .............................................. 5-24

Chapter 6 Working With Configuration Files ..................................... 6-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 6-1

                  Configuration File Specifications ................................ 6-2

                  Tutorial for Creating a Configuration File ....................... 6-2

                  Quick Steps for Applying Configuration Files ..................... 6-4
                      Setting a File for Immediate Application ...................... 6-4
                      Setting an Application Session for a Date and Time ............ 6-4
                      Setting an Application Session for a Specified Time Period .... 6-5

                  Configuration Files Overview ..................................... 6-6
                      Applying Configuration Files to the Switch .................... 6-6
                          Verifying a Timed Session .................................. 6-6
                          Cancelling a Timed Session ................................. 6-7
                          Configuration File Error Reporting ......................... 6-7
                          Setting the Error File Limit ............................... 6-8
                          Syntax Checking ............................................ 6-8
                      Displaying a Text File ........................................ 6-9
                      Text Editing on the Switch .................................... 6-9
                          Invoke the “Vi” Editor ..................................... 6-9

                  Creating Snapshot Configuration Files ............................ 6-10
                      Snapshot Feature List ......................................... 6-10
                          User-Defined Naming Options ................................ 6-11
                          Editing Snapshot Files ..................................... 6-11

                  Verifying File Configuration ..................................... 6-14

Chapter 7 Managing Switch User Accounts ........................................ 7-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 7-1

                  User Database Specifications ..................................... 7-2

                  User Account Defaults ............................................ 7-2

                  Overview of User Accounts ........................................ 7-4
                      Startup Defaults .............................................. 7-5
                      Quick Steps for Network Administrator User Accounts ........... 7-6
                      Quick Steps for Creating Customer Login User Accounts ......... 7-7
                      Default User Settings ......................................... 7-8
                      Account and Password Policy Settings .......................... 7-8
                      How User Settings Are Saved ................................... 7-9

                  Creating a User .................................................. 7-10
                      Removing a User ............................................... 7-10
                      User-Configured Password ...................................... 7-10

                  Configuring Password Policy Settings ............................. 7-12
                      Setting a Minimum Password Size ............................... 7-12
                      Configuring the Username Password Exception ................... 7-12
                      Configuring Password Character Requirements ................... 7-13
                      Configuring Password Expiration ............................... 7-13
                          Default Password Expiration ................................ 7-13
                          Specific User Password Expiration .......................... 7-14
                      Configuring the Password History .............................. 7-14
                      Configuring the Minimum Age for a Password .................... 7-14

                  Configuring Global User Lockout Settings ......................... 7-15
                      Configuring the User Lockout Window ........................... 7-15
                      Configuring the User Lockout Threshold Number ................. 7-15
                      Configuring the User Lockout Duration Time .................... 7-16
                      Manually Locking and Unlocking User Accounts .................. 7-16

                  Configuring Privileges for a User ................................ 7-17

                  Setting Up SNMP Access for a User Account ........................ 7-18
                      SNMP Access Without Authentication/Encryption ................. 7-18
                      SNMP Access With Authentication/Encryption .................... 7-19
                      Removing SNMP Access From a User .............................. 7-19

                  Setting Up End-User Profiles ..................................... 7-20
                      Creating End-User Profiles .................................... 7-21
                      Setting Up Port Ranges in a Profile ........................... 7-21
                      Setting Up VLAN Ranges in a Profile ........................... 7-21
                      Associating a Profile With a User ............................. 7-22
                      Removing a Profile From the Configuration ..................... 7-22

                  Verifying the User Configuration ................................. 7-23

Chapter 8 Managing Switch Security ............................................. 8-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 8-1

                  Switch Security Specifications ................................... 8-2

                  Switch Security Defaults ......................................... 8-2

                  Switch Security Overview ......................................... 8-3

                  Authenticated Switch Access ...................................... 8-4
                      AAA Servers?RADIUS or LDAP .................................... 8-4
                      Authentication-only?ACE/Server ................................ 8-4
                      Interaction With the User Database ............................ 8-5
                      ASA and Authenticated VLANs ................................... 8-5

                  Configuring Authenticated Switch Access .......................... 8-6

                  Quick Steps for Setting Up ASA ................................... 8-7

                  Setting Up Management Interfaces for ASA ......................... 8-9
                      Enabling Switch Access ........................................ 8-10
                      Configuring the Default Setting ............................... 8-10
                      Using Secure Shell ............................................ 8-11

                  Configuring Accounting for ASA ................................... 8-12

                  Verifying the ASA Configuration .................................. 8-13

Chapter 9 Using WebView ........................................................ 9-1

                  In This Chapter .................................................. 9-1

                  WebView CLI Defaults ............................................. 9-2

                  Browser Setup .................................................... 9-2

                  WebView CLI Commands ............................................. 9-3
                      Enabling/Disabling WebView .................................... 9-3
                      Changing the HTTP Port ........................................ 9-3
                      Enabling/Disabling SSL ........................................ 9-3
                      Changing the HTTPS Port ....................................... 9-4

                  Quick Steps for Setting Up WebView ............................... 9-5

                  WebView Overview ................................................. 9-5
                      WebView Page Layout ........................................... 9-5
                          Banner ..................................................... 9-6
                          Toolbar .................................................... 9-6
                          Feature Options ............................................ 9-7
                          View/Configuration Area .................................... 9-7

                  Configuring the Switch With WebView .............................. 9-8
                      Accessing WebView ............................................. 9-8
                          Accessing WebView with Internet Explorer Version 7 ......... 9-9
                      Home Page ..................................................... 9-10
                      Configuration Page ............................................ 9-11
                          Global Configuration Page .................................. 9-11
                          Table Configuration Page ................................... 9-12
                          Table Features ............................................. 9-14
                      Adjacencies ................................................... 9-18

                  WebView Help ..................................................... 9-19
                      General WebView Help .......................................... 9-19
                      Specific-page Help ............................................ 9-19

Chapter 10 Using SNMP .......................................................... 10-1

                   In This Chapter ................................................. 10-1

                   SNMP Specifications ............................................. 10-2

                   SNMP Defaults ................................................... 10-2

                   Quick Steps for Setting Up An SNMP Management Station ........... 10-4

                   Quick Steps for Setting Up Trap Filters ......................... 10-5
                       Filtering by Trap Families ................................... 10-5
                       Filtering by Individual Traps ................................ 10-6

                   SNMP Overview ................................................... 10-7
                       SNMP Operations .............................................. 10-7
                       Using SNMP for Switch Management ............................. 10-8
                           Setting Up an SNMP Management Station ..................... 10-8
                       SNMP Versions ................................................ 10-8
                           SNMPv1 .................................................... 10-8
                           SNMPv2 .................................................... 10-9
                           SNMPv3 .................................................... 10-9

                       SNMP Traps Table ............................................. 10-10

                   Using SNMP For Switch Security .................................. 10-38
                       Community Strings (SNMPv1 and SNMPv2) ........................ 10-38
                           Configuring Community Strings ............................. 10-38
                       Encryption and Authentication (SNMPv3) ....................... 10-39
                           Configuring Encryption and Authentication ................. 10-39
                           Setting SNMP Security ..................................... 10-40

                   Working with SNMP Traps ......................................... 10-41
                       Trap Filtering ............................................... 10-41
                           Filtering by Trap Families ................................ 10-41
                           Filtering By Individual Trap .............................. 10-41
                       Authentication Trap .......................................... 10-42
                       Trap Management .............................................. 10-42
                           Replaying Traps ........................................... 10-42
                           Absorbing Traps ........................................... 10-42
                           Sending Traps to WebView .................................. 10-42

                   SNMP MIB Information ............................................ 10-43
                       MIB Tables ................................................... 10-43
                           MIB Table Description ..................................... 10-43
                       Industry Standard MIBs ....................................... 10-44
                       Enterprise (Proprietary) MIBs ................................ 10-49

                   Verifying the SNMP Configuration ................................ 10-54

Appendix A Software License and Copyright Statements ........................... A-1

                    Alcatel-Lucent License Agreement ................................ A-1
                        ALCATEL-LUCENT SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT .................... A-1

                    Third Party Licenses and Notices ................................ A-4
                        A. Booting and Debugging Non-Proprietary Software ............ A-4
                        B. The OpenLDAP Public License: Version 2.8, 17 August 2003 .. A-4
                        C. Linux ..................................................... A-5
                        D. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE: Version 2, June 1991 .......... A-5
                        E. University of California .................................. A-10
                        F. Carnegie-Mellon University ................................ A-10
                        G. Random.c .................................................. A-10
                        H. Apptitude, Inc. ........................................... A-11
                        I. Agranat ................................................... A-11
                        J. RSA Security Inc. ......................................... A-11
                        K. Sun Microsystems, Inc. .................................... A-12
                        L. Wind River Systems, Inc. .................................. A-12
                        M. Network Time Protocol Version 4 ........................... A-12
                        N. Remote-ni ................................................. A-13
                        O. GNU Zip ................................................... A-13
                        P. FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR SOFTWARE LICENSE
                            AGREEMENT ................................................. A-13
                        Q. Boost C++ Libraries ....................................... A-14
                        R. U-Boot .................................................... A-14
                        S. Solaris ................................................... A-14
                        T. Internet Protocol Version 6 ............................... A-14
                        U. CURSES .................................................... A-15
                        V. ZModem .................................................... A-15
                        W. Boost Software License .................................... A-15
                        X. OpenLDAP .................................................. A-15
                        Y. BITMAP.C .................................................. A-16
                        Z. University of Toronto ..................................... A-16
                        AA.Free/OpenBSD .............................................. A-16
                    Index ........................................................ Index-1

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

OS9000 Switch Pasword Recovery

BLUEDAY™ — Wed, 02 Jun 2010 13:42:00 +0900

1. Backup read-write 계정이 있는 경우

1) Backup 계정으로 Switch에 login
2) cd network으로 network directory로 이동
3) ls로 file 확인
4) usertable로 시작하는 file을 모두 rm “usertable숫자”의 명령어로 삭제
5) reload후에는 admin/switch의 default로 login 가능

2. Booting시 U-boot을 booting하기 위한 “Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0” message가 안 보이는 경우

- 아래와 같은 message는 jumper 설정을 해야 U-booot mode로 booting 가능

CMM Detected
Loading boot.params...
Boot command line disabled.

- CMM을 제거한 다음 Flash memory 아래에 위치한 j5011 jumper에 1-2를 연결

3. Backup 계정이 없는 경우 아래의 절차를 따라 Password를 recovery

1) Switch에 Console 연결 후 reload 시도

2) 부팅 중 “Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 “ 에서 Enter 입력

U-Boot 1.1.0(6.1.3.601.R01) (Sep 13 2006 - 14:37:19)

MPC8248 Reset Status: External Soft, External Hard

MPC8248 Clock Configuration
- Bus-to-Core Mult 4x, VCO Div 2, 60x Bus Freq 25-75 , Core Freq 100-300
- dfbrg 0, corecnf 0x1a, busdf 3, cpmdf 1, plldf 0, pllmf 3
- vco_out 400000000, scc_clk 100000000, brg_clk 100000000
- cpu_clk 400000000, cpm_clk 200000000, bus_clk 100000000
- pci_clk 66666666

CPU: MPC8248 (HiP7 Rev 14, Mask 1.0 1K50M) at 400 MHz
Board: Alcatel OS68xx (Kite II)
I2C: ready
DRAM: 256 MB
FLASH: 8 MB
No environment variables found, using defaults

In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial

No ethernet found.
IDE: Bus 0: OK
Device 0: Model: SanDisk SDCFJ-64 Firm: HDX 4.03 Ser#: 011902G2506J0929
Type: Removable Hard Disk
Capacity: 61.2 MB = 0.0 GB (125440 x 512)
USB: scanning bus for devices...
USB device not responding, giving up (status=80000000)
0 USB Devices found
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0

2) ==> prompt의 u-boot 상태로 booting

3) “fatls ide :1,0” 의 명령어로 /flash의 file을 조회

=> fatls ide :1,0

FileSize -----------	ATTR ---------	Filename ------------------------------
0	DIR	certified
317	00	boot.params
0	DIR	working
11	00	boot.slot.cfg
1985	00	boot.cfg.1.err
64239	00	swlog.log
0	DIR	network
64000	00	swlog2.log
0	DIR	switch

4) “fatls ide :1,0 /network” 의 명령어로 /flash/network directory로 이동

- usertable file을 확인

=> fatls ide :1,0 /network

FileSize ----------	ATTR ---------	Filename --------------------------------
0	DIR	.
0	DIR	..
23040	00	usertable4
33	00	policy.cfg
404	00	ssh_host_dsa_key
361	00	ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
12	00	lockoutsetting

5) “fatdelete ide :1,0 /network/usertable4” 의 명령어로 usertable file을 삭제

- usertable4가 아닌 경우 usertable로 시작하는 모든 file을 삭제

=> fatdelete ide :1,0 /network/usertable4
Error (no IRQ) dev 0 blk 2097216: status 0x51
Error (no IRQ) dev 0 blk 2097216: status 0x51
Error (no IRQ) dev 0 blk 2097216: status 0x51
Error (no IRQ) dev 0 blk 2097216: status 0x51
Invalid FAT value 0x00000000
Deleted /network/usertable4

6) “fatls ide :1,0 /network” 의 명령어로 usertable file이 삭제되었는지 확인

=> fatls ide :1,0 /network

FileSize ----------	ATTR ---------	Filename --------------------------------
0	DIR	.
0	DIR	..
33	00	policy.cfg
404	00	ssh_host_dsa_key
361	00	ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
12	00	lockoutsetting

7) run miniboot 의 명령어로 reboot을 시도

=> run miniboot
## Booting image at ff900000 ...
Image Name: miniboot-6.1.3.601.R01
Image Type: PowerPC VxWorks Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
Data Size: 781716 Bytes = 763.4 kB
Load Address: 00005000
Entry Point: 00005000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK :

MON DEC 03 11:05:34 : CSM-CHASSIS (103) info message:
+++ == CSM == CMM startup completed

MON DEC 03 11:05:34 : CLI (67) info message:
+++ Starting new CLI console session

8) Booting 완료 후 admin/switch의 default 값으로 login

login : admin
password : switch

Welcome to the Alcatel-Lucent OmniSwitch 6000
Software Version 6.1.5.537.R01 Service Release, November 09, 2007.

Copyright(c), 1994-2007 Alcatel-Lucent. All Rights reserved.

OmniSwitch(TM) is a trademark of Alcatel-Lucent registered
in the United States Patent and Trademark Office.

9) show user의 명령어로 확인하면 default 계정만 남아있는 것을 확인

- admin의 password를 변경 시 password 명령어 입력 후 변경 가능

-> show user
User name = admin,
Password expiration = None,
Read Only for domains = None,
Read/Write for domains = All,
Snmp allowed = NO

User name = default (*),
Password expiration = None,
Read Only for domains = None,
Read/Write for domains = None,
Snmp allowed = NO,
(*)Note:
The default user is not an active user account.
It constains the default user account settings,
for new user accounts.

10) 만약 snmp를 사용하고 있었다면 community name에 대한 계정을 다시 생성해야 함

- 아래의 snmp 설정 참조

user password-size min 6
aaa authentication snmp "local"
snmp security no security
snmp community map mode enable
user "cobalt" read-write all password "public" no auth
snmp community map "public" user "cobalt" on
snmp station 221.148.52.11 162 "cobalt" v3 enable
snmp trap absorption enable
snmp trap to webview enable

11) 저장 및 동기화 명령어 실행 후 종료

-> write memory
-> copy working certified 또는copy working certified flash-synchro

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Alcatel-Lucent Vision

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 01 Jun 2010 10:21:00 +0900

20090225_All Product 소개.a01

20090225_All Product 소개.a00

20090225_All Product 소개.alz

<목차>

OmniSwitch 9000s
Workgroup Switch
2-1. OmniSwitch 6850s
2-2. OmniSwitch 6855
2-3. OmniSwitch 6400s
OmniSwitch 특/장점
OmniAccess WLAN
OmniAccess WAN Solution
Vital QIP
Vital Suite
VPN Firewall

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Named Process Health Check

BLUEDAY™ — Fri, 14 May 2010 19:33:00 +0900

DNS 관련 Process를 Check하여 상태를 표시해 주는 Script

TMP=`/usr/bin/dig @ns1.AAA.com www.AAA.com +time=3 | grep -c NOERROR`

if [ $TMP -eq 0 ] ; then
/usr/bin/logger "WARNING:홍길동 DNS Process Hang !!!" ##따옴표부분은 표현 메세지-프로세스 hang상태##

else
/usr/bin/logger "Info:HOSTNAME DNS Process is UP and Running !!!" ##프로세스 구동중일때##
fi

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

EVA Firmware Upgrade

BLUEDAY™ — Wed, 12 May 2010 17:30:00 +0900

수정-EVA_FW_UpgradeGuide_Rev3.ppt

- 증상 EVA4400 Array가 Hang 되는 현상 Fix
- EVA4400 Enclosure Online & Off-Line Add-On Failure 현상 Fix

<목차>

- 선수조건
- CVEVA Upgrade
- EVA440 MM의 FW Upgrade
- EVA Controller & Disk FW Upgrade
- EVA FW 관련 Fix 사항

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Oracle 관련 Scripts

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 11 May 2010 20:17:00 +0900

SQL.zip

DB.ZIP

Oracle 설치 업체에서 제공받은 점검 Scripts 입니다. 대략적인 Scripts 수행 내용은 아래와 같으며 자세한 사항은 압축 파일 내에 있는 Scripts 내용을 참고하시길 바랍니다.

db_Big.sql : DB의 big_Object 검사
db_chain_table.sql : Chained Row Information
db_ctrlfile.sql : Control file Information
db_extent.sql : Extent Information
db_idx_ratio.sql : Index Information
db_Index_Count.sql : Table별 Index Count
db_invobj.sql : Invalid Object Information
db_objinfo.sql : Object Information
db_objsize.sql : Object(Segment) Size
db_param_summary.sql : DB Parameters Summary
db_part_skew_ratio.sql : Partition Split을 수행
db_px_seg_detail.sql : Expert On-site Review
db_rbs.sql : Rollback Segment Information
db_redofile.sql : Redolog file Information
db_redolog.sql : Redolog file Information
db_storage_index.sql : ProActive Expoert Service
db_system_ts_obj.sql : SYSTEM Tablespace에 생성된 일반 Objects
db_ts_free.sql : Tablespace Free Space
db_ts_iostat.sql : Tablespace IO statistics.
db_ts_maxext.sql : Tablespace의 Freespace Max(bytes) 보다 큰 Nextextent를 가지는 Table,Index 조회
db_ts_stat.sql : Tablespace Status
db_users.sql : DB User Information

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

F5 Networks BIG-IP 3410

BLUEDAY™ — Mon, 10 May 2010 16:33:00 +0900

메뉴얼.zip

BIG-IP Hardware 소개
BIG-IP Network 설정
BIG-IP L4/L7 기존 Configuration
BIG-IP L4/L7 신규 Configuration 추가 방법
Service 상태 변경 및 확인 방법
BIG-IP System 설정
BIG-IP Report
CLI Command

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

System Trace Command

BLUEDAY™ — Fri, 07 May 2010 12:59:00 +0900

- 개요 : System Call Tracer에 대한 설명

[Debugging Tool]

Linux : strace
Soalris : truss
HP-UX : trace(10.x), tusc(11.x)

위 Program들의 Option들이 대개 비슷합니다.이들은 모두 Kernel Level의 함수를 확인할 수 있는 툴이며 직관적으로 이용할 수 있는 방법은 다음과 같습니다.

어떤 Shared Library가 사용되는지 알 수 없음.
1번과 비슷하지만 어던 파일을 열다가 실패하는지, 대개 Configuration File을 global, home… 순으로 찾음
Process가 잠시 멈출 때, 어떤 것을 대기하고 있는지…
전송되고 들어오는 내용은 무엇인지 (-s 1024 Option)
어떤 Signal을 받는지…
IPC 객체들은 어떤 것들이 이용되는지… 등

System Call은 기본적으로 OS를 다루는 방법에 대한 것이므로, 많은 Hint를 얻을 수 있습니다. Option들 중에 중요한 것 몇 가지만 소개하자면, System Call의 가장 대표적인 것 중의 하나는 실행되고 있는 Daemon의 현재 작업 내용을 살펴볼 수 있는 것이 있습니다.

# strace –p <pid>

형태로 실행중인 Process를 살펴볼 수 있습니다. 더불어 Daemon의 경우 fork가 일어나는 경우가 많은데…

# strace –f –p <pid>

-f Option을 주어 fork되어 나오는 Process까지 trace 하라는 것 입니다. fork외에 vfork도 추적할 수 있어야 하므로 대게 f를 쓸 때는 다음과 같이 사용합니다.

# strace –fF –p <pid> 또는 strace –fFp <Pid>

tusc 사용 예>

tusc –r 10 –w 10 –b 1024 –e –n –p –T “ –f –v [pid]

이것들을 종합하여 다음과 같은 용도로 사용할 수 있습니다.

Daemon이 갑자기 멈추었는데, Debug용 printf를 집어 넣지 않았을 때, 알고 싶은 경우.
과연 Process가 Connection을 접수한 뒤 제대로 fork 되었는지… (Socket Server)
Telnet으로 접속하였는데, Promprt가 떨어지지 않는 경우 inetd가 무슨 일을 하는지… (대개 tcp_wrapper에 의해 DNS IP resolve 하는 경우가 많음)

예) Tmax 운영 중에 서비스 지연 등의 문제 발생시 해결방안

Tmax Process 확인
Process FD 값 확인 – IPPR Server와 CLH FD 값 확인
CLH 및 업무서버 truss (System Call에 대한 Trace) 확인

CLH의 경우 9번 FD로 부터 Data를 Read하여 IPPR Process는 5번 FD로 Data Send 함.

즉, CLH trace 상 9번 FD는 IPPR Process와의 FD이며 IPPR로 부터 Data를 Read 중 임을 확인. IPPR trace상 5번 FD는 CLH Process와의 FD이며 CLH로 Data를 Send 함

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Linux Core Dump 확인하기

BLUEDAY™ — Mon, 26 Apr 2010 20:29:00 +0900

보통 Linux 에서는 Booting 시 Core File을 만들지 않도록 Setting 되어 있지만 설정을 바꾸려면 명령어를 사용해야 합니다.

1. Core Dump 확인 (ulimit –a)

2. Dump 용량 설정 (ulimit –c)

3. 항상 적용하기 (/etc/security/limits.conf)

위와 같은 명령으로 변경한 것은 해당 User만 변경되어 적용이 되며, reboot 후에는 다시 설정을 하여야 한다. 설정한 항목을 유지하기 위해 ‘/etc/security/limits.conf’를 아래의 형식으로 입력하면 된다.

<domain>

<type>

<item>

<value>

<domain> 해당 설정 값을 적용시킬 범위

       - user name (userid) - 한 유저의 설정 변경
       - group name (@groupid) - 한 그룹에 대한 설정 변경
       - wildcard (*) - 모든 유저, 그룹에 대한 설정 변경
       - wildcard (%) - * 와 동일, 단 maxlogins 변경에만 사용

<type>

       - hard : superuser와 kernel에 의해 설정이 되게 하며, user는 설정된 값 이상으로 변경이 불가능하다.
       - soft : soft로 설정한 값은 user가 얼마든지 설정 값을 변경 가능하다.
       -    -   : hard와 soft 둘 다 설정

<item>

       - core : limits the core file size (KB)
       - data : maximum data size (KB)
       - fsize : maximum filesize (KB)
       - memlock : maximum locked-in-memory address space (KB)
       - nofile : maximum number of open files
       - rss : maximum resident set size (KB) (Ignored in Linux 2.4.30 and higher)
       - stack : maximum stack size (KB)
       - cpu : maximum CPU time (minutes)
       - nproc : maximum number of processes
       - as : address space limit
       - maxlogins : maximum number of logins for this user
       - maxsyslogins : maximum number of logins on system
       - priority : the priority to run user process with (negative values boost process priority)
       - locks : maximum locked files (Linux 2.4 and higher)
       - sigpending : maximum number of pending signals (Linux 2.6 and higher)
       - msqueue : maximum memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes) (Linux 2.6 and higher)
       - nice : maximum nice priority allowed to raise to (Linux 2.6.12 and higher)
       - rtprio : maximum realtime priority allowed for non-privileged processes (Linux 2.6.12 and higher)

예제) core dump file size를 변경

astrix            -          core          1000
@group1       -          core           unlimited
*                  -          core          200000

이 설정을 하였는데도 불구하고, reboot 시 적용이 안된다면 ‘/etc/profile’을 살펴보자.

…
# No core files by default
ulimit -S -c 0 > /dev/null 2>&1
…

위의 빨간 부분을 주석 처리하여 reboot 하여 적용하면 된다.

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Alcatel User Command

BLUEDAY™ — Sun, 25 Apr 2010 20:31:00 +0900

㉥_기본명령어(1).doc

? → 모든 command와 명령어의 sub-directory를 보여준다.
gp → Switch안의 Virtual LAN 설정을 보여준다.
slot → Switch의 Flash Memory 인에 S/W의 Version과 Hardware rev levels를 보여주며 Switch 안의 각 Module의 정보를 보여준다.
systat → Switch의 Uptime 시간, 온도, CPU 사용빈도 등 Switch의 System Check 명령
ls → Switch의 Flash Memory의 File들을 보여준다.
camstat → 각 Module 안에 있는 CAM의 수를 보여준다.
vi → 각 Port에 대한 정보를 보여준다.
ve → 각 Port에 대한 Error Count를 보여준다.
atvl → auto-tracker Virtual LAN을 보여준다.
viatrl → auto-tracker Virtual LAN의 상태를 보여준다.
vivl → 각 Port에 어떤 Virtual LAN이 Asign 되어 있는지 보여준다.
ipr → Switch의 Route Table을 보여준다.
cp → Unix의 Copy 명령어와 동일
ping → 상대방의 연결 상태를 확인한다.
ftp → File 전송시 사용한다.
telnet → remote 연결 시 사용한다.
cratvl → 새로운 autotracker를 생성합니다.
crgp → 새로운 Group을 만듭니다.
rmatvl → Autotracker Virtual Lan을 지웁니다.
imgcl → Flash Memory에 있는 Img File을 지웁니다.
swch → 각 Port의 Type을 바꿉니다.
chpr → Prompt를 바꿉니다.
xlat → 현 Network에 연결된 장비의 IP와 MAC을 보여줍니다.
pw → Password를 바꿉니다.
10/100vc → ESM 100M Module의 상태를 보여줍니다.
10/100cfg → ESM 100M Module의 Port 별로 값을 변경합니다.
pppa → Port의 PPP Service를 생성시킵니다.
ppps → Port의 PPP Service의 상태를 보여줍니다.
wpm → WSM Module의 각 Port를 Modify 합니다.
cas → PPP Service를 생성시킵니다.
das → PPP Service를 지웁니다.
mas → PPP Service를 Modify 합니다.
modvl → Virtual LAN을 Modify 합니다.
modatvl → Autotracker Virtual LAN을 Modify 합니다.

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

AOS Tranning – OS9000 & OS6850 Products

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 23:57:00 +0900

AOS training_20081212.zip

Session 1

Alcatel-Lucent Products Overview
AOS Basic & 실습

- Switch 기본 설정

- Switch Booting

- Alcatel Operating System

- Hardware 정보 확인

- AOS Upgrade

- Switch 계정

- SNMP

- DHCP

Session 2

AOS L2 Tranning & 실습

- VLAN

- 802.1Q

- STP

- Link Aggregation

- VRRP

Session 3

AOS L3 Tranning & 실습

- Static Routing

- RIP

- OSPF

Session 4

AOS Security Trannig T.S & 실습

- Switch의 Service Port 제한

- Access Control List

- QoS

- Network Security

. AVLAN

. Access Guardian

. Binding Rule

- AQM

Operation & Troubleshooting

- T.S Guide – 장비 점검 방법

- T.S Guide – 부팅에 문제가 있는 경우

- T.S Guide – 암호를 분실한 경우

- T.S Guide – 장애 분석을 위한 기본 정보

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

General configuration with PolicyFlow for RADIUS

BLUEDAY™ — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 13:24:00 +0900

1. Introduction to RADIUS protocol

2. VitalAAA overview

3. Installation

4. Main Files & RADIUS TestClient

5. The Server Management Tool (SMT)

6. Variables

7. Check Items

8. PolicyFlow

9. Plug-ins

10. Administration Interfaces (AI)

11. Universal State Server (USS)

12. References

00_Contents.ppt

01_RADIUS_Intro 6.0.ppt

01B_CDMA2000_EVDO.ppt

02_AAA_Intro 6.0.ppt

03_installation 6.0.ppt

07_admin_interfaces.ppt

08A_USS.ppt

12_references.ppt

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Oracle 점검 Scripts

BLUEDAY™ — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 21:32:00 +0900

Oracle 관련 정기점검 시 사용하는 Scripts 입니다. 아래 두개의 파일을 다운로드 하여 실행하세요.

dbpm.sh

dbpm.sql

<순서>

SGA Configuration

1.1 Share Pool Size
1.2 DB Cache Size
1.3 Redo Buffer Size
Memory Allocation

2.1 Library Cache Miss Ratio
2.2 Data Dictionary Miss Ratio
2.3 Buffer Cache Hit Ratio
Contention

3.1 Disk Physical I/O
3.2 Internal and External Sort
3.3 Rollback Segments Wait Ratio
3.4 Redo Log File Wait
System and Datafile

4.1 System Free Space
4.2 User Free Space
4.3 Extents
Check Oracle Internal Error
Check File System Usage

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Process가 참조하는 파일 확인 방법

BLUEDAY™ — Sun, 28 Feb 2010 22:11:00 +0900

1. 현재 계정의 file discription 값을 알아야 한다.

# ulimit –a
nofiles(descriptors) 2000 (혹은 -1 확인)

2. 원하는 Process를 잡아낸다.

# ps -ef |grep httpd
www 151568 172336 0 15:33:12 - 0:00 /app/apache/bin/httpd -k

3. Process가 참조하는 File 확인(0-2 까지는 Standard 관련이라 무시함) (3번 이상부터 참조하는 File 개수 임)

#procfiles 151568

151568 : /app/apache/bin/httpd -k start

Current rlimit: 2147483647 file descriptors

0: S_IFCHR mode:00 dev:10,4 ino:21 uid:30 gid:250 rdev:2,2

O_RDONLY

1: S_IFCHR mode:00 dev:10,4 ino:21 uid:30 gid:250 rdev:2,2

O_WRONLY

2: S_IFREG mode:0200 dev:46,3 ino:108477 uid:30 gid:250 rdev:0,0

O_WRONLY | O_APPEND size:359860463

4: S_IFIFO mode:00 dev:65535,65535 ino:268073480 uid:30 gid:250 rdev:0,0

O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK

5: S_IFIFO mode:00 dev:65535,65535 ino:268073480 uid:30 gid:250 rdev:0,0

O_WRONLY

procfiles : 151568 : 6 : Unable to retrieve fstat/fcntl information

4. 전체 참조 File 개수 확인

#pstat -T

SYSTEM VARS:

buffers 20

files 54780 (현재 Server가 참조하는 전채 File 개수)

e_files 0

procs 262144

e_procs 16528

threads 524288

e_threads 32976

clists 16384

maxproc 1024

iostats 1

locks 585

e_locks 1610629248

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

OS별 CPU 갯수 확인 방법

BLUEDAY™ — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 11:15:00 +0900

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

File Size 검색

BLUEDAY™ — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 20:49:00 +0900

File System 증가로 인해 Siz가 큰 File을 검색하여 삭제하거나 정리가 필요할 때 유용한 명령어 입니다.

- File Size가 100mb 이상인 것만 검색할 때 : # find / -xdev -size +100000000c

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이선스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.